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| Energy is transferred from one molecule to another molecule. Occurs only within solids. |
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| The movement of molecules within fluids. Occurs mostly in liquids. Can occur within gases, like air. Warmer, less air is displaced by a cooler, more dense air. |
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| A type of energy that moves through space. All objects (solids, liquids and gases) with a temperature more than absolute zero give off radiant energy. All objects absorb radiant energy. |
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| SOLID to a LIQUID to a GAS |
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| The amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius. |
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| One calorie = 4.184 joules. |
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| True of False...Temperature always goes from HOT to COLD. |
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| True, Temperature always goes from HOT to COLD, never COLD to HOT. |
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| The measure of average Kinetic Energy.The average internal energy of an object. |
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| What are the three phases of matter? |
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| Solids, Liquids and Gasses |
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| The study of macroscopic processes involving heat, mechanical energy and other forms of energy. This applies to systems with inputs and outputs. |
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1: Matter is made up of atoms.
2: Atoms combine to form molecules. |
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| When an object is getting heated up, the internal energy _____________. |
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| When an object is cooling down, the internal energy ___________. |
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| What is the energy of motion? |
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| Energy cannot be created or destroyed, on transferred from one form of energy to another form. |
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| What are the 6 simple machines? |
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Definition
1: Lever
2: Incline Plane
3: Wedge
4: Screw
5: Pulley
6: Wheel and Axle |
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| What is the equation for calculating horsepower? |
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Definition
| Rate of Power/550 (constant) = hp |
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| When ________ is being done, force and _________ must be in the same direction. |
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| What is the equation for work? |
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Definition
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| What is force measured in? |
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| What is distance measured in? |
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| The rate at which energy is changed or work is done. |
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| What is the equation for power? |
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| True of False...An object must move for work to be done. |
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| True, an object must have force and distance in the same direction in order for work to be done. |
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| Resistance, Fulcrum, Effort. |
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| Fulcrum, Effort, Resistance. |
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| Fulcrum, Resistance, Effort. |
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| Second Law of Thermodynamics |
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| No process can solely convert a quantity of heat to work. Heat always flows hot to cold. Entropy. |
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| True of False...Temperature increases as you go from a Solid to Liquid to Gas. |
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| True, as temperature increases the phases go from Solid to Liquid to Gas. |
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| The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas. |
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| The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid. |
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| The temperature at which a gas changes into a liquid. Opposite of evaporation. |
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| Directly from solid to gas. Example is dry ice. |
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| If temperature decreases... |
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Definition
| Kinetic Energy decreases. |
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| If temperature increases... |
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Definition
| Kinetic Energy increases. |
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Definition
Ratio of how much water vapor is in the air compared to how much water vapor should be in the air. This is expressed as a percent.
Water vapor in the air x 100 = relative humidity. |
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| Tightly packed molecules. Little to no movement. Very cohesive. |
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| Slightly packed molecules. Slightly cohesive. Medium amounts of movement. |
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| Not packed. No cohesiveness. Quickly moving molecules. |
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| The sum of all the internal energy in a system. |
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| The energy of motion is called _______ energy. |
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| __________ is the measurement of the average kinetic energy of the molecules making up an object. |
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| True or False...If enough thermal energy is applied to a material, it will change state. |
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Definition
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| What is heat measured in? |
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Definition
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| Give one way thermal energy is used. |
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Definition
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| The Law of Conservation of Energy states that the total amount of energy in any closed, isolated system remains __________. |
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Definition
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| True or False...Energy can only change form; it cannot be created or destroyed. |
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Definition
| True - First Law of Thermodynamics. |
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| The Law of Conservation of Energy is also known as.... |
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Definition
| The First Law of Thermodynamics. |
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| Molecules are bound together by... |
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Definition
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| True or False...The bond between particles in gases are stronger than the bonds in liquids. |
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Definition
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| True or False...The melting point of an object is also its freezing point. |
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Definition
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Definition
| The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid. |
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Definition
| The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas. |
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| When heat is removed from a liquid, it particles ______________ and the liquid contracts. |
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Definition
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| True or False...All materials expand and contract at the same rate. |
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Definition
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| Give two places where expansion joints are used. |
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Definition
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| Give an exception to the rules of expansion and contraction. |
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Definition
| Water: water expands as it gets colder due to the formation of the crystals. |
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| The amount of energy that must be absorbed in order to raise the temperature of one gram of material one degree Celsius. |
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| Heat or thermal energy can be measured in... |
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Definition
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| List three ways in which thermal energy is transferred... |
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Definition
| Conduction, Convection and Radiation. |
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| What can occur only in gases? |
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Definition
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| What can occur only in solids? |
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Definition
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| Give an example of a good conductor. |
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Definition
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| What is one of the most important uses of heat energy? |
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Definition
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| True or False...In order for an object at rest to move, a force must be applied to it. |
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Definition
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| The more force applied to an object... |
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Definition
| The faster the object will move. |
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| Gravitational forces _________(decrease/increase) as the distance between objects ___________(decrease/increase) |
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Definition
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| True or False...Magnetic force is an example of a force field. |
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Definition
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| The relationship between electrical forces and magnetic forces. |
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Definition
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| What happens when the flow of electricity is reversed in an electromagnet? |
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Definition
| It reverses the pull of the electromagnet. |
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Definition
| Reverses the flow of electricity. |
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| The strongest field force in the nuclear field. |
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| Fundamental Forces of Nature |
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Definition
| Gravitational, Electromagnetic, Nuclear |
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Definition
| Force per unit area, measured in pascals. |
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| What does falling atmospheric pressure usually mean? |
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Definition
| Warmer and wetter weather. |
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| True or False...Whenever work is done, energy is transferred. |
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