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Physical Science Chapter 13
Flash cards for Chapter 13 Science Test in Mrs. Jackson's Freshman Physical Science Class
30
Science
9th Grade
03/20/2011

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Term
Mechanics
Definition
the study of motion
Term
Kinematics
Definition
the branch of mechanics that describes "how" things move
Term
Dynamics
Definition
the branch of mechanics that describes "why" things move
Term
Frame of Reference
Definition
a system of reference points from which the position and motion of an object can be determined
Term
Displacement
Definition
change in position of an object
Term
Speed
Definition
the rate at which an object changes position
Term
Average Speed
Definition
the distance traveled by an object divided by the elapsed time
Term
Velocity
Definition
the rate at which an object changes position in a specified direction
Term
Magnitude
Definition
how big an object is
Term
Vectors
Definition
quantities that express magnitude and direction
Term
Scalars
Definition
quantities that express magnitude and direction
Term
Acceleration
Definition
the rate at which velocity increases in a given amount of time
Term
Inertia
Definition
the property of matter that causes objects to resist change in the state of motion
Term
Newton(N)
Definition
the meteric unit of weight
Term
Action-Reaction Principle
Definition
When a mass exerts force upon another mass, the second mass exerts an equal and opposite force upon the first mass. -Newton's Third Law of Motion="for every action there is an opposite and equal reaction"
Term
Gravity
Definition
the attraction that any object in the universe has toward other objects in the universe
Term
Attraction-at-a-Distance Forces
Definition
forces that act on an object without touching it
Term
Terminal Velocity
Definition
the limit of the velocity at which an object can fall through a gas or a liquid
Term
Weight(w)
Definition
the measure of the force of gravity on an object
Term
Universal Law of Gravitation
Definition
F=G(m1xm2/d squared) m1 and m2 are the masses of two objects, d=the distance between them and G=universal gravitation constant
Term
Satellites
Definition
celestial bodies in orbit around another celestial body
Term
Geostationary Orbit
Definition
a satellite is orbitting the earth as the same period as the surface of the earth below
Term
What is velocity measured in?
Definition
m/s
Term
What is distance measured in?
Definition
km
Term
What is the unit for Force?
Definition
newton
Term
What is weight measured in?
Definition
Newtons
Term
What is the difference between Velocity and Speed?
Definition
Velocity is a vector and Speed is a scalar
Term
What is Newtons 1st Law of Motion?
Definition
Objects at rest tend to remain at rest, and objects in motion tend to stay in motion until acted upon bu some outside force
Term
What is Newton's 2nd Law of Motion?
Definition
F=ma
Term
What is Newton's 3rd Law of Motion?
Definition
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
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