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Definition
| the average child in the US weights 25-30 lbs and is close to 36 inches tall-around half the height of the average adult |
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| 3/4s the size and weight of an adult brain |
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| weighs 90 percent of the average adult brain |
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Term
| Why does the brain grow so rapidly? |
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Definition
1. an increase in the number of interconnections among celss
2. these interconnections allow for more complex communication between neurons and also permit growth of cognitive skills |
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Definition
a bundle of nerve fibers that connect the two hemispheres of the brain
-undergo significant growth by end of preschool period |
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Definition
| the process in which certain functions become localized more in one hemisphere than the other |
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Definition
| -concentrates on tasks that necessitate verbval competence, such as speaking, reading, thinking, and reasoning |
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Definition
-nonverbal areas such as comprehension of spatial relationships, recognition of patterns, and drawings, music and emotional expresion
-processes infor in more global manner, reflecting on it as a whole |
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| The links between Brain Growth and Cognitive Development |
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Definition
=increases in myelin, may be related to preschoolers growing cognitive capabilities, ***increases in myelin of the reticular formation, an area of the brain associated with attention and concentration, is completed at age 5
3. improvement in memory that occurs during preschool years may be associated with increased myelin in the hippocampus, an area associated with memory |
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Term
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Definition
- preschoolers are unable to easily and precisely scan groupings of small letters= often focus on just the initial letter of a word and guess at the rest
-6 years of age- can effectively focus and scan
-VISION AND AUDITORY |
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Term
| SENSORY DEVLEOPMENT; age 7 or 8 |
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Definition
| they begin to look at the figure in terms of both its overall o rganization and its parts "a bird made of fruit" |
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Definition
| -begin to look at the more surrounding boundaries of the figure |
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Definition
| -they look at the outside systematically-- the result is a greater awareness of the verall organization of the figure |
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Definition
auditory acuity, or the sharpness of hearing, improves as well
- one area that shows defecits is their ability to isolate specific sounds when many sounds are heard simultaneously |
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Definition
| -20-30% of preschoolers experience difficulties lasting more than an hour in getting to sleep |
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Term
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Definition
-vivid bad dreams, usually occuring toward morning
between 10 and 50 % of children aged 3-5 experience nightmares, with the frequency higher in boys than girls |
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