Term
|
Definition
volume insp/expired w/ each normal breath
0.5-0.6 L |
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Term
|
Definition
-Inspiratory Reserve Volume
-vol. that can be inspired over and above TV.
-used during exercise |
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Term
|
Definition
-Expiratory Reserve Volume
-vol. that can be expired after the expiration of TV
-1.25L |
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Term
|
Definition
-residual volume
-vol. that remains in lungs after a maximal respiration
-can't be measured by spirometry
-1.25-2.0L |
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|
Term
Anatomic dead space
(Fowler's method) |
|
Definition
-vol. of conducting airways
-approx. 150mL |
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|
Term
Physiologic Dead Space
(Bohr's method) |
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Definition
-functional measurement
-vol. of lungs NOT participating in gas exchange
-equal to anat. dead space in normal lungs
->anat. dead space in lung disease w/ ventil/perfusin inequalities
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Term
| Physiologic Dead Space Equation |
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Definition
Vd=Vt((PaCO2-PECO2)/PaCO2)
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
(TV-Dead Space) x Breaths/min
Look @ sample prob in notes |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FRC- Functional Residual Capacity |
|
Definition
-ERV + RV
-volume after TV is expired
-includes RV, so CAN'T BE MEASURED BY SPIROMETRY
-2.5L
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
TV + ERV + IRV
-vol. expired after max inspiration
-3.5-5.5L |
|
|
Term
| Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) |
|
Definition
| -vol. of air that can be forcibly expired after max inspiration |
|
|
Term
Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
|
|
Definition
TV+IRV+ERV+RV
-vol. in lungs AFTER max inspiration
-includes RV, so cAN'T BE MEASURED BY SPIROMETRY
6.0L |
|
|
Term
Forced Expiratory Volume(FEV1)
|
|
Definition
-vol. of air expired 1sec. after a max. inspiration
-normally 80% of FVC
-in restrictive lung disease,fibrosis, both FEV1 & FVC are reduced
-in obstructive lung disease,asthma, FEV1 is reduced more than FVCl thus ratio is reduced |
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Term
|
Definition
Is the most important muscle for inspiration
When the diaphragm contracts the abdomen pushes down while the ribs lif up and out, thus increasing volume in thoracic cavity |
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Term
|
Definition
| Not used for inspiration in normal breathing but used in exercise |
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Term
|
Definition
-Normally passive
-Because its elastic the lung-chest wall returns to resting position
-Used during exercise or in disease state such as asthma |
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Term
| Abd. muscles in expiration |
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Definition
| -compress abd. cavity push the diaphragm up, and air out of lungs |
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Term
|
Definition
| -pull the ribs down and in during exercise or in a disease state ie. asthma |
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Term
|
Definition
-distensibility of lungs and chest wall
-iInversely related to elastance
-slope of P-V curve where the change in volume has a given change in pressure |
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