Term
| Prostaglandins and dopamine act how on the vasculature of the Urinary system? |
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Definition
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Term
| Epinephrine and angiotensin II act how on the vasculature of the Urinary system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What affects glomerular hydraulic pressure? |
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Definition
| Angiotensin II or norrepinephrine |
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Term
| What affects glomerular oncotic pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
| What affects Bowman space hydraulic pressure in the urinary system? |
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Definition
| Urinary Tract obstruction |
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Term
| What is the function and regulation in the PROXIMAL tubule of the glomerulus? |
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Definition
Fx: Reabsorbs most filtrates,
Secretes organic acid/bases
Regulates: PTH |
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Term
| What is the function and regulation in the LOOPS of the glomerulus? |
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Definition
FX: Reabsorbs Na, Cl, K, Ca, Mg
Reg: ADH |
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Term
| What is the function and regulation in the DISTAL tubule of the glomerulus? |
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Definition
Fx: Reabsorbs Na, Cl
Regulates: PTH, ADH |
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Term
| What is the function and regulation in the COLLECTING DUCTS of the glomerulus? |
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Definition
Fx: secretes H,K, Reabsorbs Na,H2O
Regulates: ADH, Aldosterone |
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Term
| What causes ISOSMOTIC VOLUME CONTRACTION, and what effect does it have on the fluids? |
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Definition
Cause: Diarrhea
Effect: no shift in osmolarity or ECF/ICF balance (iso = unchanged) |
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Term
| What causes HYPEROSMOTIC VOLUME CONTRACTION, and what effect does it have on the fluids? |
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Definition
Causes: Water deprivation
Effects: shift ICF to ECF, Osmolarity increased |
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Term
| What causes ISOSMOTIC VOLUME EXPANSION, and what effect does it have on the fluids? |
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Definition
Causes: infusion of 0.9% saline (isotonic)
Effects: No shift in osmolarity or ECF/ICF balance (iso = unchanged) |
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Term
| What causes HYPEROSMOTIC VOLUME EXPANSION, and what effect does it have on the fluids? |
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Definition
Cause: High NaCl intake
Effects: Water shift from ICF to ECF, Osmolarity increased |
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Term
| Adrenal insufficiency causes Volume Contraction, with what effects? |
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Definition
Volume contraction decrease,
osmolarity decrease |
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Term
SIADH causes volume expansion, with what effects?
(syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion) |
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Definition
Volume Contraction increase
Osmolarity decrease
(SIADH) is characterized by excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH or vasopressin) from the posterior pituitary gland or another source. The result is hyponatremia and sometimes fluid overload. It is usually found in patients diagnosed with pneumonia, brain tumors, head trauma, strokes, meningitis, encephalitis, or small-cell carcinoma of the lung. |
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Term
| An increase in BUN or Creatinine means what to the GFR (glomerular Filtration Rate)? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the BUN/creatinine level is >20 (higher than normal, it should be <20) what is the general cause? |
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Definition
| Prerenal causes (hypovolemia) |
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Term
| When there's NO INCREASE in the BUN/Creatinine Ratio, we know that GFR decrease is due to .... |
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Definition
| renal causes (chronic renal failure) |
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