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Phys Chem Module 16 review
Phys Chem Module 16 review
23
Science
9th Grade
05/13/2012

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Define Nuclear Fusion
Definition
Nuclear fusion – The process by which two or more small nuclei fuse to make a bigger nucleus
Term
Define Nuclear Fission
Definition
Nuclear fission – The process by which a large nucleus is split into smaller nuclei
Term
Define Critical Mass
Definition
Critical mass – The amount of isotope necessary to sustain a chain reaction
Term
Define Absolute Magnitude
Definition

Absolute magnitude – The brightness of a star, corrected for distance, on a scale of -8 to +19. The smaller

the number, the brighter the star.

Term
Define Apparent Magnitude
Definition

 

Apparent magnitude – The brightness of a star as seen in the night sky. The smaller the number, the brighter the star

 

Term
Define Light Year
Definition
Light year – The distance light could travel along a straight line in one year
Term
Define Galaxy
Definition
Galaxy – A large ensemble of stars, all interacting through the gravitational force and orbiting around a common center
Term
What nuclear process occurs in the sun’s core?
Definition
Nuclear Fission
Term

Know the difference between Nuclear Fission

and Nuclear Fusion

 

See next 2 cards

Definition
Term

 

A 251Cf nucleus is bombarded with a neutron. It breaks down into a 124Sn nucleus, a 120Cd nucleus and seven neutrons.

 

 Is this nuclear fission or nuclear fusion?

 

Definition
Since a large nucleus split into two smaller nuclei (and a few neutrons), this is nuclear fission.
Term

 

Two 4He nuclei collide and turn into a 7Be nucleus and one neutron.

 

Is this nuclear fission or nuclear fusion?

 

 

Definition
Since two small nuclei became a bigger nucleus (plus a neutron), this is nuclear fusion
Term
From the inside to the outside, name the four regions of the sun.
Definition

the core,

the radiation zone,

the convection zone, and

the photosphere

Term

For both the nuclear fusion that occurs in the sun and the nuclear fission that occurs in a nuclear power plant, what can we say about the mass of the starting materials compared to the mass of what’s made in the end?

Definition

In both processes, mass is converted into energy. Thus, the mass of the starting materials is larger

than the mass of the materials the process makes.

Term
Why is it impossible for a nuclear power plant to have a nuclear explosion?
Definition

It is impossible for a nuclear power plant to experience a nuclear explosion because a power plant does not have significantly more than the critical mass of the large nucleus that is breaking apart.

Term

Study questions #11-15 on your study guide. There will be similiar questions on test

 

Be able to identify :

Red giant,  Main sequence, Supergiant, White dwarf

 

Definition
Term
The sun is most like a ________ ______ star.
Definition
The sun is most like a MAIN SEQUENCE star.
Term
Where would you find the hottest star in a H-R Diagram?
Definition
The farthest to the left
Term
Where would you find the brightest star in a H-R Diagram?
Definition
The highest point on the chart.
Term
Name two types of variable stars
Definition
Pulsating variables and novas
Term
 What are Cepheid variables, and why are they important in astronomy?
Definition

Cepheid variables are variable stars whose magnitude and

period have a direct relationship. They are important in astronomy because that relationship can be used to measure long distances in the universe

Term
What are the four basic types of galaxies? To which type does the Milky Way belong?
Definition

The four galaxy types are:

 

 spiral, lenticular, elliptical, and irregular.

 

The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy.

Term
What is the name of the galaxie that Earth belongs to?
Definition
The milky way
Term
What is the red shift?
Definition

The red shift is the phenomenon in which light that comes to the earth from other galaxies ends up having longer wavelengths than it should.

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