Term
| Second law of thermodynamics |
|
Definition
| if an isolated system undergoes internal change, the direction of the change is always toward greater disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| capacity to do mechanical work, measured as the product of force and distance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy liberated or required when atoms are rearranged into new configurations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy that a system possesses by virtue of the separation of positive and negative electrical charges. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy of organized motion in which many molecules move simultaneously in the some direction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy of random atomic molecular motion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any process carried out by an animal that increases order. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can do physiological work; chemical, electrical, and mechanical energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| - cannot do physiological work; heat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy present in the chemical bonds of an animal’s food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| egested chemical bond energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy available for the performance of physiological work by the animal’s cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| processes that maintain the integrity of its body; circulation, respiration, etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mechanical work that takes place inside an animal’s body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| application of mechanical forces to objects outside their bodies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rate of energy consumption: rate at which it converts chemical energy to heat and external work. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| device that measures the rate at which heat leaves an animals body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measures an animal’s metabolic rate by means other than quantifying heat and work. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measure chemical-energy content of organic material entering and leaving an animal’s body |
|
|
Term
| Basal metabolic rate (BMR) |
|
Definition
| standardized measure of metabolic rate that applies to homeotherms within which the metabolic rate is minimal. |
|
|
Term
| Standard metabolic rate (SMR) |
|
Definition
| applies to poikilotherms, metabolic rate while it is fasting or resting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subject’s last meal took place long enough ago for the SDA of the meal to be over. |
|
|
