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| 1a. Democritus created and came up with the idea of what? |
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| 1a. Democritus is credited with coming up with the idea of the atom as the indivisible constituent of matter but |
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| 1b. Aristotle’s 5-elements idea did what? |
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| 1b. it continue to hold sway. |
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| 2a. 4-elements idea isn’t so bad since? |
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| 2a. There are actually 4 states of matter associated with his idea. |
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| 2b. what are the Aristotelian elements: |
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| 2b. solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. |
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| 3a. Robert Brown (1773 - 1858)discovered? |
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| 3a. Robert Brown discovered that pollen grains in a microscope bounce around in water. |
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| 3b. Robert Brown thought they had some type of power, but really? |
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| 3b. the same happen to dirt and soot when looking through the microscope in water. |
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| 4a. Albert Einstein (1879 - 1955)explained Brownian motion in terms of what. |
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| 4a. invisible atoms banging against the huge dust particles. |
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| 5a. It’s like watching from an airplane as a huge ball is banged around by people you don’t see. |
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| 6a. Richard Feynman thought the scientific statement of most value to future generations if all else were lost would be? |
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| 6a. All things are made of atoms |
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| 6b. Richard Feynman's little particles moved around in perpetual motion as well as what? |
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| 6b. attracting each other and also repelling when they are squeezed towards one another. |
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| 7a. like an atom you are like to? |
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| 8a. the size of an atom is to an apple? |
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| 8a. an apple to the earth |
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| 9a. atoms are numerous: about as many atoms in a thimbleful of water in what to the earth? |
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| 9a. thimbleful of water on Earth |
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| 10a. about as many atoms in a breath of air? |
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| are breaths of air in the earth's atmosphere |
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| 11a. atoms get around and migrate more in the air then in water, but they migrate the slowest in what? |
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| 12a. atoms make up everything and even once part of what? |
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| 13a. Humans are made up of the same kind of atoms ( H, O, C, ect.) but most don't realize what? |
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| 13a. organism are made up recycle atoms. |
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| 14b. heaver elements like O and C later were created where? |
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| 14c. what in the universe formed the earth |
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| 14c. mainly heaver elements from post-Big Bang stars. |
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| 15a. how old is H in your body? |
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| 15a. as old as the universe |
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| 15b. the O and C in the earth are older then the earth why? |
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| 15b. stars came after the big bang and heaver elements like O and C were formed in stars. |
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| 16a. which older atom in the body of an elderly person or those in a body in a baby? |
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| 17a. World population grows each year. Does this mean that the mass of the Earth increases each year? |
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| 17a. No, because matter is recycle within the earth |
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| 18a. Are there atoms in your body that were once part of Albert Einstein, Adolf Hitler, ancient dinosaurs? |
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| 18a. Yes, because they are also recycle within the earth |
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| 19a. You can’t see atoms through a microscope, because there to small for what? |
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Definition
| 19a. wave length of light |
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| 19b. what can you see through a microscope that's the smallest? |
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| 19c. how can we see images of molecules? |
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| 19c. and you can make images using electron microscopes |
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| 20a. consequently of gold form experiments, Ernest Rutherford came up with what? |
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| 20a. the solar system model of the atom in which the nucleus was likened to the Sun and electrons were likened to planets orbiting the Sun. |
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| 21a. ATYI, more accurate Quantum Mechanical model shows electrons how? |
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| 21a. orbiting the nucleus, but they are orbitals(probability clouds) localized near the nucleus. |
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| 22a. ATYI, the size of the nucleus is to the size of the atom as thesize of a ballpoint pen tip at the 50 yard line is to the size of a football stadium, yet most of the mass is in the nucleus. |
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| 22a. ATYI, the size of the nucleus is to the size of the atom as thesize of a ballpoint pen tip at the 50 yard line is to the size of a football stadium, yet most of the mass is in the nucleus. |
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| 23a. the size of the nucleus to the size of the atom is like a ball point pin tip to what? |
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| 23a. "50 yard line is to the size of a football stadium, yet most of the mass is in the nucleus." |
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| 24a. ATYI, protons and neutrons in the nucleus attract to each other via what? |
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| 25a. Electrons are negatively charged with about 1/2000 the mass of what? |
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| 25b. how does electromagnetic force affect atom effect? |
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| 25b. electron and protons via that force. |
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| 26a. when protons and electrons differ then the atom is what? |
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| 26a. Ion; positive ion if there’s an excess of protons, negative ion if there’s an excess of electrons. |
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| 27a. when atoms are brought close together they tend to what? |
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| 27b. if the nuclei brought close enough they might what? |
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| 28a. we refer to elements as what? |
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| 28a. faces of matter compose of atoms |
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| 30a. The most common elements in the___ are___? |
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| 30a. A) universe; hydrogen and helium. |
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| 31a. Dmitri Mendeleev (1834 - 1907) is credited with what? |
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| 31a. Periodic Table of Elements. |
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| 32a. Based on gaps in his table Mendeleev predicted what? |
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| 32a. the future of elements that was later discovered. |
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| 33a. Periodic Table is ordered by what (order by two ways)? |
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| 33a. there are: atomic, the number of protons in the nucleus. |
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| 33b. when moving from the left to the right what take place? |
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| 33b. each element has one more proton than the one to its left. |
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| 34a. elements in the same column? |
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| 34b. elements in the last column are called? |
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| 34b. noble gases, because they don't react chemically. |
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| 35a. what pars of elements are most similar to phosphorus? |
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| 36a. The sizes of atoms (where the outermost electrons are)? |
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| 36a. gradually increase in the periodic table down and to the left. |
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| 37a. Based on Quantum Mechanics how does the electrons work? |
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| 37a. Based on Quantum Mechanics has a set number of electrons for each shell. |
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| 38a. the third shell has room for 18 electrons, but the shell wont isn't filled until when? |
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| 39a. What fundamental force dictates the atomic size? |
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| 39a. 1/12 of a C nucleus (P 205) 1.67 * 10 super script -24. |
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| 40a. what is an isotopes? |
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| 40a. they differ in neutrons. |
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| 41a. The isotopes are numbered how? |
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| 41a. by nucleons (protons + neutrons). |
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| 43a. ATYI, C-14 has 6 protons like C-12, but C-12 has a difference in what? |
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| 44a. Which contributes more to an atom’s mass, electrons or protons? |
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| 44b. Which contributes more to the atoms mass, electrons or protons? |
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| 45a. Which is represented by a whole number: the mass number or the atomic mass? |
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| 46a. Do two isotopes of iron have the same atomic number? |
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| 46b. The same mass number? |
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| 46b. different mass number |
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| Compounds, Mixtures, and Molecules |
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| Compounds, Mixtures, and Molecules |
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| 49a. although atoms in alloys are bonded together (metallically), they are treated like what? |
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| 50a. Is pure table salt an element, a compound, or a mixture? |
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| 50b. How about the salt you buy at the store? |
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