Term
| Retrograde motion of planets such as Mars occurs when the planets move |
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Definition
| temporarily westward among the background constellations. |
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| The author of the textbook considers astrology to be a |
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| true or false: Celestial events in the sky sometime ARE related to events on Earth. |
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| According to Pythagoras, the apparent motion of the sun and stars across the sky was caused by what? |
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Definition
| the Earth being carried around the circumference of a circle every 24 hours. |
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| According to the text, the earliest scientists were who? |
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| Which of Kepler’s three laws of planetary motion says that the lines connecting planets with the sun sweep out equal areas in equal time intervals? |
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Term
| Giordano Bruno was burnt at the stake in 1601 for his professed belief in what? |
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Definition
| Infinitely many stars each with its own Earth-like Garden of Eden |
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Term
| Johannes Kepler used the artronomical observations of ____________ in order to work out his three laws of planetary motion. |
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| The sun orbits the Earth while the planets orbit the sun best describes the solar system model of who? |
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Term
| Aristarchus was able to measure the relative sizes of the sun and moon by what? |
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Definition
| Observing Earth’s shadow on the moon during an eclipse |
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Term
| Using his knowledge of the moon’s size, Aristarchus was able to calculate the Earth-moon distance. He found that distance to be about what? |
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Term
| The homocentric spheres of Eudoxus were rejected by the early Greeks because of the model could not account for what? |
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Definition
| Changing brightness of the planets |
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Term
| Apollonius introduced the epicycle and deferent to explain what? |
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Definition
| The retrograde motions of the planets |
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Term
| Eratosthenes was the first to determine the circumference of Earth. |
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