Term
| what is the relative size of Earth and Moon from the eclipse shadow? |
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Definition
| The moon is 1/3 of the Earth's diameter |
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Term
| Aristarchus determined that the Earth-Moon distance was what? |
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Definition
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Term
| how did aristarchus determine the distance from the sun to the moon? |
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Definition
| using the quarter phases of the moon |
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Term
| How far is from sun's distance? |
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Definition
| ~20 times the lunar distance |
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Term
| The sun is ____ times the Earth's diameter |
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Definition
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Term
| Aristarchus claims that ______ is the focus of motion. |
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Definition
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Term
| what is it called when the moon disappears from the sky as a result of passing through the Earth's shadow? |
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Definition
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Term
| By looking at the relative sizes of the shadow on the moon, Aristarchus was able to conclude what? |
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Definition
| that the moon is 1/3 of the Earth's diameter |
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Term
| what is it called when the sun disappears from the sky when the moon crosses over the face of the sun? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is it called when you're in the middle of of two tangent lines/seeing no sun at all in the sky? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what do you see in phase one of the moon? |
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Definition
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Term
| at which position is the moon in "new moon phase" |
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Definition
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Term
| at what moon position are you able to have a solar eclipse? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does the moon look like in position 2? |
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Definition
| the left side of the moon is dark and the right side is light |
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Term
| at which position is the moon a "first quarter moon" |
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Definition
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Term
| what does the moon look like in position 3? |
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Definition
| the moon is entirely lit up/full moon |
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Term
| when can you have a lunar eclipse? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does the moon look like in position 4? |
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Definition
| the left side is lit up and the right side is dark |
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Term
| in what moon position do you have a "3rd quarter moon"? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many days does it take for the moon to go around the Earth? |
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Definition
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Term
| Aristarchus created a triangle formula to calculate the length of the sun from the moon. What did he determine? What was wrong with this? |
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Definition
-He determined that the sun is ~20 farther from the moon
-His method was correct but his imperical evidence/observations were wrong/weak |
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Term
| Why did Aristarchus's heliocentrism theory fail at that time? |
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Definition
| There was a lack of empirical evidence |
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Term
| What four scientific arguments "disproved" his heliocentric theory? |
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Definition
| lack of sensation, lack of winds, earth not losing oceans, and projectiles not left behind |
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Term
| What are the two possible ways of a lack of stellar parallax of either form? |
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Definition
| all stars are equidistant or the stars are varying in distances |
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Term
| if all stars are equidistant why wouldn't we see a parallax? |
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Definition
| because there's no parallax/the stars aren't moving. No parallax= No motion |
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Term
| If the stars are at varying distances, is there a parallax? |
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Definition
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Term
| When Eratosthenes realized that the sun was not overhead on the first day of summer in every location, how much did the degree of difference vary by? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do we explain the planets moving? |
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Definition
| the distances of the planets is based upon the speed of the planets |
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Term
| regardless of the speed of the planets, Apollonius argued what? |
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Definition
| that the faster objects are closer to the Earth |
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Term
| what types of planets always have deferents on the sun's path? |
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Definition
| inferior planets (Mercury and Venus) |
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Term
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Definition
| the outer paths of the planets |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the backing up motion - moving towards the west |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| why doesn't it matter where the sun is in superior planets? |
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Definition
| because the deferent going around them is not in the sun's path |
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Term
| which spheres model didn't account for the planets brightening when opposite the sun? |
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Definition
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Term
| which spheres model didn't accurately predict the motions of the planets? |
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Definition
| homocentric spheres model |
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Term
| ptolemy accepts and utilizes the perfect circular planetary motion of which two people? |
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Definition
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Term
| which system off-sets the sun's orbit around Earth to account for the irregular motion of the sun through the constellations and the varying seasonal lengths? |
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Definition
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Term
| the ptolemaic system is an extension of what? |
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Definition
| Apollonius deferent and epicycle |
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Term
| The ptolemaic system off-sets the moon's orbit around Earth to account for what? |
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Definition
| the irregular motions of the moon |
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Term
| The circular motion is the only motion that has a changing/constant speed |
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Definition
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Term
| The ptolemaic system said that the epicycles had to be perfectly circular or what couldn't happen? |
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Definition
| Or they couldn't be in the heavens - The original theory that god was perfect and circles are perfect |
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Term
| Ptolemaic said that the Earth was slightly off center and that is accounts for what? |
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Definition
| different days within the seasons |
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