Term
| What is the leading cause of TBI in those under 65 yrs old? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the leading cause of TBI in the elderly? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The large opening in the skull that acts as a passage way for the brainstem to the spinal cord? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most common mechanism for head trauma in kids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The rough surface on the skull that if broken can allow for the brain to easily to be injured resulting in a basilar skull fracture. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A bleed between the skull and the dura mater, usually by aterial laceration and has a SUDDEN onset of symptoms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Between the arachnoid and dura mater usually caused by a ruptured vein and has a gradual onset of symptoms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Usually between the arachnoid and the pia mater caused by a ruptures aneurysm. Presenting slowly with the worst headache ever. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pressure within the cranium, or the ICP, is usually less then ______? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The balance of the brain, blood and the CSF determine ICP. What is the formula? |
|
Definition
| ICP= Vcsf + V blood + V brain |
|
|
Term
| What do we call the pressure required to perfuse the brain? |
|
Definition
| Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) |
|
|
Term
| The pressure moving the blood through the cranium is decided by what formula? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When you have a pt who has a change in ICP they compensate. Usually like when you have an increase in ICP you have an increased BP. This type of relationship is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MAP must be at least ___________ to ensure adequate perfusion. |
|
Definition
50mmHg from notes ??
85-95mmHg in the text book |
|
|
Term
| So when the ICP is going up what must also go up to ensure the brain is being perfused? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CO2 is a potent ________? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If there is herniation you need to BVM your patient at what rate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a regular ICP patient bag at _______? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a patient presents anxious, irratated, and combative these are all indicators of a _______? |
|
Definition
| ALOC which is the main early indicator of a head injury |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of Cushings Reflex? |
|
Definition
increased BP
Bradycardia
erractic respirations. |
|
|
Term
| Unable to recall events before an injury is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can't recall events after the trauma is ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In antegrade amnesia the pt may present with repetative questioning. This is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Direct trauma to the brain and the associated vascular injuries is an example of a ________ brain injury |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mass effect abd the subsequent elevated ICP and machanical shifting of the brain, hypoxia, and Hypotension are all examples of a _______ brain injury. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The secondary brain injuries are those most often recognized with Mass effect. These mechanisms are the result of interactions described by the ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The movement of the temporal lobe into the third nerve, motor tract, brainstem and RAS is called?
Because of it's malfunction of the third nerve results in? |
|
Definition
Uncal Herniation
Blown pupil |
|
|
Term
| What two kinds of bruising are evidence of a basilar skull fracture? |
|
Definition
| Racoon eyes and Battle Signs |
|
|
Term
| What kind of fracture involves a horizontal detachment of the maxilla from the nasal floor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of fracture included the right and left maxilla, the medial portion of the orbital floor and the nasal bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of fracture is also called a pyramidal fracture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of fracture involves the facial bones being fracture off the skull? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Vacant Stare
Delayed motor and verbal response
Confusion
Disorientation
Slurred or incoherrent speech
lack of coordination
memory deficits are all changes following a _________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A fracture of the temporal bone could result in damages to the __________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Epidural hematomas have a period of consciousness where the patient may be oriented, letharguc or confused. This is called the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Subdural Hematomas result from ______ bleeds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The largest part of each vertebrae is called the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THe posterior part of the vertebrae is a tail-like strucutre called the ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The majority of spinal injuries occur at the _______ region. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The skull sits on top of a C1 which is called the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C2 or the Axis has spur called the _________ _______ that protrudes upward like a tooth. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At the level of C3 the spinal cord occupies roughly _____ % of the spinal canal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Between 70-80% of the bodys weight rests on the ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nerve tracts carry SENSORY impulses from the body parts through the cord up to the brain. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nerve tracts carry motor impulses from the brain through the cord down the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _______ root is for sensory impulses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ________ root is for motor impulses. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The sensory area on the body for which a nerve root is responsible. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The diaphragm is inervated by the phrenic nerve located between levels _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Over elongation of the spine scene in playground injuries and hangings are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What results from the temporary disruption of the spinal cord functions distal to the injury? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bruising or bleeding into the spinal cords tissues is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the result of bony fragments or pressure on the spinal ARTERIES? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are symptoms associated with anterior cord syndrome? |
|
Definition
loss of motor function, pain,
temperature and light touch sensations |
|
|
Term
| What usually occurs with hyperextension of the cervical area? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of Central cord syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Weakness in the upper extremities but normal in the lower. |
|
|
Term
| What is caused by penetrating injury and involves hemitransection of the cord? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of Brown Sequard Syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Loss of function on the affected side, loss of pain and temperature sensation on the opposite side of injury. |
|
|
Term
| The major cause of spinal injury in adult patients is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The major cause of spinal injury in pediatric patients is |
|
Definition
|
|
