Shared Flashcard Set

Details

PHR
PHR exam 2017
246
Business
Professional
07/20/2016

Additional Business Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
due dilligence's key components
Definition
financial, operational, legal, technology and people
Term
How to ensure an effective strategic plan
Definition
Mission statement, SWOT Analysis, list of prioritized action items, and review of measurements.
Term
matrix structure
Definition
Employees who report on daily performance to the project manager whose authority flows horizontally across departmental boundaries. The employees also report overall performance to the department head whose authority flows vertically within the department.
Term
Organizations in the growth stage are concerned about what?
Definition
focused on running the business in more formal ways. Better accounting and management systems are put into place during this phase.
Term
divisional structure
Definition
grouping organizational functions into divisions.
Term
Scenario planning
Definition
allows a leadership team to consider multiple probabilities. For example, a company needs to have a comprehensive strategic plans that project two to three years in the future. The challenge is that with the uncertain economic recovery, there are many unknown forces that can affect the organization making the future unpredictable.
Term
SWOT Analysis
Definition
Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. It does not project into the future possible scenarios and implications.
Term
human resources capital management planning
Definition
identifies what skill sets are needed for the company to successfully execute its strategy.
Term
balance scorecard
Definition
pulls together data regarding the organization as a whole and compares it to the goals identified as part of the strategic planning process
Term
Adverse impact
Definition
occurs when there is a significantly different rate of selection of protected class groups.
Term
behavioral appraisal
Definition
identify the most important tasks related to each position, the specific way the employee is expected to behave to perform that task, and establishes a system of descriptions describing how effectively the individual behaved.
Term
Essay/Narrative appraisal
Definition
used by a manager or supervisor to describe an employee's performance in writing.
Term
Strategic planning process
Definition
Mission and Objectives
Environmental Scanning
Strategy formulation
Strategy Implementation
Evaluation and Control
Term
NLRB
Definition
The bargaining unit is determined by this organization.
Term
Vroom Theory
Definition
Motivation theory that suggests people are motivated by the reward they will receive when they succeed and that they weigh the value of the expected reward against the effort required to achieve.
Term
excess deferral plan
Definition
makes up the difference between what an executive could have contributed to a qualified plan if there had not been a limit on contributions and how much was actually contributed because of the discrimination test required by ERISA.
Term
target benefit plan
Definition
hybrid elements between defined benefit and money purchase plans.
Term
Automobile workers vs Johnson Controls Inc
Definition
This legal case states that the responsibility of prospective parents to protect their unborn children. Although employers must provide information about potential hazards, the employer may not decide for the employee whether to work in a job that poses a risk to an unborn child.
Term
Drug Free Workplace Act of 1988
Definition
requires only federal contractors and subcontractors to establish substance abuse policies.
Term
statement of cash flows
Definition
provides information about the money that flowed through the business. Identifies whether the cash was received from customers, loans or other sources; how much cash was spent to operate the business; and how much was reinvested in the business.
Term
PEST Analysis
Definition
Political, Economic, Social, Technology
Term
Seamless organization
Definition
replaces traditional hierarchies with networks designed to enhance communication and creativity.
Term
disparate impact
Definition
occurs when an employment practice that seems to be fair unintentionally discriminates against members of a protected class.
Term
disparate treatment
Definition
occurs when a protected group is treated differently than other applicants or employees.
Term
adverse impact
Definition
substantially different rate of selection in hiring, promotion, or another employment decision that works to the disadvantage of members of a race, sex or an ethnic group.
Term
Path Goal Theory
Definition
Developed by Robert House. Theory proposes that a leader can impact the behavior of a group by establishing goals and providing direction on reaching these goals. House describes four leadership styles that may be used to accomplish this, based on the specific situation:
-Directive, which specifies what needs to be done.
-Supportive which the leader provides encouragement for the group members.
-Participative, in which the leader involves the group in the decision making process.
-Achievement, in which the leader establishes a difficult goal and encourages the group accomplish it.
Term
Hersey-Blanchard Theory
Definition
Paul Hersey and Kenneth Blanchard describe leadership of the maturity level of followers. Maturity refers to the psychological maturity or motivation and job task maturity (or level of experience)

Four styles: Telling, Selling, Participating, and Delegating.
Term
Telling
Definition
When followers are immature or inexperienced, the leader must be more directive by providing guidelines and defining roles for the followers.
Term
Elements of effective cost/benefit analysis
Definition
Knowing all costs (intangible and tangible), monetary benefits, and forecast of impact to the bottom line.
Term
bona fide occupational qualification
Definition
exception that allows religious organizations to give preference to members of that religion.
Term
Regiocentric
Definition
refers to a staffing approach where HR policies and strategies reflect a particular geographic region.
Term
liability
Definition
results from an agreement or a contract or can be created through a tort.
Term
tort
Definition
describes an action that injures someone. These are not related to laws or contracts but can result in legal action.
Term
matrix organization structure
Definition
employees report to two managers. One manager is responsible for a product line, and the other has functional responsibility.
Term
Business case
Definition
lays out the desired result of an action or program, presents alternative solutions, describes possible risks from both implementing and not implementing the action, and defines the criteria used to measure success.
Term
job analysis' sources
Definition
interviews, observation and supervisory input.
Term
Pareto principle
Definition
80% of effects come from 20% of causes.
Term
Nexgt step for the DOL to create a legislative change
Definition
Public Comment will be invited.
Term
pay structure where employees are represented by a union
Definition
Based on seniority. Pay rates are represented by a union are set based on negotiations between union and management.
Term
Company could go out of business. It is also the biggest risk to investors and employees.
Definition
What is the biggest risk that a company could face without composing a mission and vision statement?
Term
closed shop clause
Definition
employer agrees to hire only union members.
Term
vicarious liability
Definition
an employer can be held responsible for the unlawful acts of its employees.
Term
The first step is to review job descriptions to gain an understanding of the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to be successful in the positions.
Definition
What to do when a company is opening a new office in another state where cost of living is lower? As HR you have to develop appropriate salary ranges for all positions in the other state.
Term
Incorporate a "what's in it for me concept" in the training programs
Definition
What's another term for adults best benefit from learning experience when they have a need for knowledge?
Term
Loss of knowledge, skills and abilities
Definition
Biggest drawback of employee turnover
Term
Red Circle
Definition
Pay that falls above the maximum of a salary range.
Term
Green circle
Definition
pay that falls below the minimum of a salary range
Term
Wage compression
Definition
when new hires are paid at a higher rate than existing employees who have similar skills, education and experience.
Term
compa ratio
Definition
a calculation that compares an employee's salary to the midpoint range.
Term
Organizational Climate
Definition
focuses on how people feel about the organization.
Term
wrongful termination
Definition
also known as retaliatory discharge. When an employer terminates an employee in response to the employee doing something lawful or because they are a part of a protected class.
Term
Labor Management Relations Act
Definition
also known as the Taft Hartley Act. Provides employer with the right of employers to promote an anti-union message in the workplace so long as the employer is not threatening employees or bribing employees to discourage them from forming a union.
Term
Narrative essays
Definition
Allows a short essay describing the performance of the employee.
Term
Results Evaluation method
Definition
Measures training effectiveness at predetermined intervals and what effect the training had on actual business performance. Ex. During a development phase of the purchase order module training of a financial software implementation, it was determined that participants would be secretly observed while doing their jobs at set intervals of six and twelve weeks. Trainers would use this info to determine if training was effective and what other training would need to be developed.
Term
Branding Strategy
Definition
establishing and clarifying for customers not only what product and services a company offers, but also how it is different from competitors.
Term
The supervisor can't proceed with the write up because per the NLRA, an employer cannot prohibit the union from soliciting members in non work areas such as the break room, unless the employer has published and enforced a policy that prohibits all types of solicitation material in the breakroom.
Definition
A union representative for the plumbers union at a company leaves a stack of recruiting flyers in the break froom. His supervisor wants to issue a written warning to her stating she is engaging in union activity on company time. How would you advise her supervisor?
Term
featherbedding
Definition
unfair labor practice on the part of the union. Occurs when a union requires an employer to continue to pay for services the employer no longer uses.
Term
Company can allow an inspection and file a notice of contest within 15 days if an issue arises.
Definition
How many days can a company contest if they receive an onsite inspection from an OSHA officer?
Term
Reliability
Definition
the ability of an instrument to measure the same results consistently.
Term
Adult learning effectiveness
Definition
Self directedness, experience, readiness to learn, orientation
Term
Do employees perform repetitive simple tasks or is the work complex?
Definition
Senior leadership of a retail store is considering reducing the number of managers? What should be considered when determining which areas could be effectively managed with fewer supervisors?
Term
ADDIE Model
Definition
Instructional is one of the elements of this model
Term
Find and eliminate problems that interfere with quality.
Definition
What is the main benefit of Total Quality Management?
Term
Refreezing
Definition
the new ideal is a regular part of an organization in experiencing a new change in corporate culture. Employees know a change is on the horizon.
Term
Employers can share any information that is truthful, clear, and supported. An employer is covered by the concept of qualified privilege. Qualified privilege is a provision available under the law of libel and slander that allows a company to be immune from prosecution if the libelist of slanderous act is committed in the performance of a legal or moral duty and is free of malice and words uttered or statements written are done in good faith.
Definition
What can employers share when it comes to reference checks?
Term
When a goal is aggressive for example if a company wants to increase profits by 25% that means they need to expand their workforce and increase sales so hire more sales people.
Definition
When does workforce expansion work best?
Term
Broadbanding
Definition
flatten their organization and remove levels of management. Effective way to widen salary ranges and eliminate excess manager levels.
Term
90 days
Definition
How long does a military person have following the completion of service to return to his job and title?
Term
blended learning
Definition
includes multiple ways to enhance learning, one of which is a web-based learning.
Term
S- shaped
Definition
combination of the positive and negative learning curve.
Term
Weingarten rights
Definition
specifically available by law to union employees. It is a union employee's right to have union representation present during any investigative interview meeting.
Term
Increasing efficiency and productivity
Definition
When a company chooses to focus on a cost leadership strategy for a competitive advantage what should HR focus on?
Term
Make the cause part of the culture and philosophy of the company.
Definition
How to involve employees in Corporate Citizenship programs?
Term
Career ADvancement, Wage/benefits, supervision and work/life balance.

Assess the top strengths and weaknesses and share that info with leadership
Definition
How to organize data in exit interviews?
Term
Grievance process
Definition
systematic and fair procedure for supervisors and employees to resolve complaints that arise. It typically includes timelines, what is eligible and the decision making process involved.
Term
Compulsory arbitration
Definition
One in which parties are required to accept arbitration even if they don't want to
Term
closed shop illegal under Taft-Hartley Act
Definition
is a company where employees are required to join a union as a condition of employment.
Term
stay interviews
Definition
a proactive approach to finding out why good employees stay and what might make them leave an organization.
Term
Trend analysis
Definition
systematic way to see the relationship between two variables and begin to project what future HR needs will be
Term
Divesture
Definition
Involves the sale of a portion of a business or companies financial or physical assets that could result in the reduction or transfer of staff.
Term
Reengineering
Definition
Reassign the general education teachers who could meet the bilingual education requirements into bilingual classes.
Term
Human Capital Assessment
Definition
provide a competitive advantage contributes significantly to a company's objective of competing in the marketplace.
Term
Internal skills asessment
Definition
requires critical skills needed, determining skill assets (as-is), addressing the skills gap and monitoring on going skill levels.
Term
Helps management determine what drivers of turnover are. Is the turnover the highest among middle management employees who are being recruited by competitors? Is it mostly skilled workers?
Definition
Why are audits of retention program important?
Term
Uniformed Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures
Definition
questions of the use of tests and other selection procedures has long been recognized. Ex. a pre-employment test or other selection tool must be a valid predictor of job success.
Term
Reliability
Definition
Whether or not the test produces similar results over time.
Term
Validity
Definition
refers to whether or not the test is measuring what is intended to measure.
Term
USERRA (Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act)
Definition
law protects the reemployment rights of armed service personnel when they return from a period of service.
Term
The best is to adjust recruitment and selection process. The high turnover at a company needs a review and perhaps severing ties with certain universities until their program provide enrollees with a realistic job preview and produces high quality graduates.
Definition
What would you do if a number of teachers leave the teaching profession after two years? What retention strategy would you use?
Term
Employer value proposition
Definition
statement that provides the overall value of working for a company in exchange for the employee's skills, qualifications and time.
Term
Diversity outreach program
Definition
Attending specific career fairs, advertising in diversity related publications or recruiting from schools that rank high in diversity populations
Term
Divesture
Definition
involves the sale of a portion of business or companies financial or physical assets that could result in the reduction or transfer of staff.
Term
conciliation agreement
Definition
contract that requires corrective steps to the serious out of compliance matters.
Term
Determines who remains employed and who is released is the most equitable way to document a layoff decision.
Definition
How are performance appraisals used during layoffs?
Term
Halo effect
Definition
occurs when the interviewer evaluates a candidate in a positive light based on one characteristic.
Term
Job analysis
Definition
shows what job functions are essential and nonessential.
Term
outplacement
Definition
a contracted service supplied by companies that specialize in helping employees prepare for job searching after a layoff
Term
job bidding
Definition
internal recruitment method where a current employee expresses an interest in a position before it becomes available.
Term
identify the qualifications necessary to do the jobs
Definition
first step in a comprehensive strategic selection process
Term
skills inventory
Definition
enables the company to understand the level of skills needed to achieve its objectives
Term
Executive Order 11246
Definition
requires government contractors to take affirmative action toe ensure that equal opportunity is provided in all aspects of their employment.
Term
Decentralized structure
Definition
best for franchises or any organization with a wide geographic reach. Corporate office offers support in the form of product development and national marketing but the franchise owner has the independence to make decisions based on knowledge of the local market.
Term
Matrix
Definition
Combination of centralized and decentralized models where an employee may report to multiple supervisors or report to multiple divisions.
Term
Functional structure
Definition
a structure that is set up along business units or functional areas. This structure works best in companies that are not very agile and focus on a single product or service.
Term
Enterprise risk management
Definition
practice of forecasting possible risks to the organization and takes steps to mitigate the impact on an organization.
Term
Quorum
Definition
a requirement to have a minimum number of members present before official business may be conducted and decisions made.
Term
Span of control
Definition
the analysis of how many employees report to each supervisor. This gives insight to possible cost savings and supervisory effectiveness.
Term
FTE Modeling
Definition
analysis that provides multiple scenarios for staffing purposes.
Term
Effective strategic plan
Definition
Mission statement, SWOT Analysis, list of prioritized action items, and review of measurements.
Term
Interest based bargaining
Definition
characterized by harmony between both sides where neither side is trying to win a position but come up with an agreement that is amendable to both labor and management.
Term
Labor Management Relations Act (Taft Hartley Act)
Definition
provides the employer with the right of employers to promote an anti-union message in the workplace so long as the employer isn't threatening or bribing employees to discourage them from forming a union.
Term
Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act
Definition
established reporting requirements for unions, union officers, employees, and employers; set standards for electing union officers; and established safeguards for protecting the assets of labor organizations.
Term
Yellow dog contracts
Definition
employers make it a condition of employment that workers not join a union.
Term
hot cargo agreement
Definition
Unfair labor practice. A union require that an employer stop doing business with another employer.
Term
Double Breasting
Definition
occurs when workers in a non-union company are used to supplement or replace the work of higher paid workers in a unionized company.
Term
organizational climate
Definition
focuses on how people feel about the organization. Ex. Employee leaves company and says there's no room to grow.
Term
Employee relations
Definition
Goal is to maximize employee performance. The employment relationship affects all parts of an employee's life because employees spend a significant amount of time at work.
Term
Salting
Definition
when a union hires someone to apply for a job at a company that has been targeted for organizing. Once this person is hired he/she works from the inside to begin organization efforts.
Term
Office of Labor Management Standards
Definition
provides oversight for the Labor Management Relations Act. Title IV of the LMRA establishes that union funds may not be used to support the candidacy of any candidate.
Term
successor employer
Definition
Employer can make changes in pay rates/hours but it must be negotiated through collective bargaining.
Term
Best way to prevent turnover
Definition
Effective step is to organize the data into meaningful categories such as career advancement, wage/benefits, supervision, and work/life balances.

Assess the strengths and weaknesses and share that info with leadership,.
Term
labor management cooperative/agreement
Definition
Some labor groups and employers have realized benefits to joining forces and leveraging collective resources to accomplish objectives.
Term
skip level interview
Definition
an employee is interviewed by his or her manager.
Term
Employee focus groups
Definition
sampling of employees from various functional areas in a company that come together to provide input on employment matters.
Term
Secondary boycott
Definition
an attempt to stop people or companies from doing business with or for an employer that is engaged in a labor dispute with a union.
Term
REduction in force procedure
Definition
Job Categories, prior disciplinary actions, seniority, and skill set.
Term
Featherbedding
Definition
unfair labor practice on the part of the union. It occurs when a union requires an employer to continue to pay for services the employer no longer uses.
Term
Featherbedding
Definition
unfair labor practice on the part of the union. Occurs when a union requires an employer to continue to pay for services the employer no longer uses.
Term
Common situs
Definition
refers to picketing that occurs in an area shared by more than one business.
Term
Coordinated bargaining
Definition
type of bargaining where multiple bargaining units within a company negotiate simultaneously, typically to come to an agreement on mandatory subjects and allow all unions to work collectively on subjects taht are meaningful to their membership.
Term
Single employer
Definition
occurs when a union meets with one employer to bargain,.
Term
Skip level interview
Definition
occurs when a manager spends time with employees two levels below him/her in order to gauge job satisfaction and the employee's goals.
Term
job sharing
Definition
Employees have the same exact job and would complement each other's part time schedule. Ex. Employee 1 has a change in personal life and can only work part time. Employee 2 has a medical excuse doctor specified employee can only work part time.

These two would rotate schedules.
Term
Main effect of Absenteeism
Definition
Loss of productivity will occur because current workers will have to train new or replacement workers.
Term
compulsory arbitration
Definition
parties are required to accept arbitration, even if they don't want to. Ex. Union employees of a govt agency are prohibited from striking and have agreed to engage in alternative dispute resolution in lieu of legal action for any labor dispute. There is a labor dispute regarding pay raises.
Term
Facilitative mediation
Definition
form of dispute resolution where a neutral third party helps each side come to a mutually beneficial agreement.
Term
Constructive Confrontation
Definition
type of mediation where goal is to uncover and resolve the underlying conflicts that prevent parties from solving the core issue.
Term
Weingart rights
Definition
only available by law to union employees. It is a union employee's right to have union representation present during any investigative interview meeting.
Term
fact finding
Definition
the mediator may meet with parties separately to determine if each party has the same set of facts and that all issues are clarified.
Term
Action Plan Indicator
Definition
Measure that shows if managers have communicated the survey results and involved employees in the improvement process.
Term
Action Plan Indicator
Definition
measure that shows if managers have communicated the survey results and involved employees in the improvement process.
Term
Grievance process
Definition
systematic and fair procedure for supervisors and employees to resolve complaints that arise. It is typically includes timelines, what is eligible and the decision making process involved.
Term
Task force
Definition
formed to recommend solutions to a specific problem. It is usually disbanded once the problem is solved.
Term
Factor comparison
Definition
process of establishing wage rates for jobs using the job evaluation method.
Term
Qualification for administration exemption
Definition
Employee must have a primary duty involving performance of office work directly related to the management or general business operations.
Term
Seniority
Definition
What type of pay structure would most likely be associated with a union shop?
Term
Equal Pay Act
Definition
prohibits wage discrimination by requiring equal pay for equal work.
Term
Copleand "Anti-Kickback" Act
Definition
refers to precluding a federal contractor or subcontractor from inducing an employee to give up any part of the compensation to which he or she is entitled.
Term
Minimum salary of $455 per week.
Definition
Minimum salary for an exempt employee
Term
Employee Retirement Income Security Act
Definition
sets uniform minimum standards to ensure retirement plans are established and maintained in a fair and financially sound manner.
Term
Title III of the Consumer Credit Protection Act
Definition
limits the amount of an employee's earnings that may be garnished and protects an employee from being fired if pay is garnished for only one debt.
Term
Job Classification method
Definition
popular job evaluation approach because it is understandable and well accepted by employees. Classifications can change as responsibilities change. Typical approach for large organizations with limited resources.
Term
Factor comparison method
Definition
compares job to job through the use of job descriptions and a thorough job analysis process
Term
review job descriptions so you gain an understanding of knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to be successful in the positions.
Definition
first step of job pricing
Term
Broadbanding
Definition
effective way to widen the salary ranges and eliminate excess manager levels.
Term
The employer assumes all costs of worker related injuries regardless of who is at fault.
Definition
Who consumes all costs of workers' compensation?
Term
Red Circle
Definition
refers to pay that falls abovve the maximum of a salary range. Ex. admin assistants classified as admin level III have been performing admin level II positions.
Term
Green circle
Definition
refers to pay that falls below the minimum of a salary range.
Term
General Duty Clause of OSHA
Definition
requires an employer to do everything reasonably necessary to protect the life, safety and health of employees.
Term
Unprogrammed Inspection
Definition
occurs when there is a fatality, catastrophe or a complaint.
Term
Sunk costs
Definition
costs that have already been incurred, cannot be recovered, and have become irrelevant from future decision making.
Term
key components of an effective due diligence analysis
Definition
Financial, operational, legal, technology and people.
Term
Stratification chart
Definition
shows the individual components of a problem in addition to the total or summary, which aids in identifying possible strategies for correcting problems.
Term
Scatter chart
Definition
provides a graphical representation of the relationship between two sets of numbers
Term
Pareto chart
Definition
provides a graphical representation of the 80/20 rule: 80 percent of the problems come from 20 percent of the causes.
Term
15-100: $50,000

101-200: $100,000

201-500: $200,000

501+: $300,000
Definition
What is the maximum amounts for sexual harassment claim payouts?
Term
Facility location
Definition
refers to the activity that evaluates the appropriate place to locate a new business to ensure that labor requirements, distribution systems, and government regulations are met.
Term
Production layout
Definition
refers to the way in which the goods or service will be produced; for example, the design of an assembly line or, in the case of a service, the process to be used in providing it, such as a model plan or protocol for a financial audit.
Term
Inventory management
Definition
an operation function that balances the cost of inventory with the ability to have enough inventory to satisfy the consumer's needs.
Term
The Railway Labor Act
Definition
enacted to avoid interruptions due to strikes, to protect the right of employees to join a union, and allowed for a cooling-off period of up to 90 days if the president deemed a strike to be a national emergency.
Term
The Clayton act
Definition
limited the use of injunctions to break strikes and exempted unions from the Sherman Antitrust Act.
Term
career portfolio
Definition
a tool created as part of the assessment process which gathers information about an individual's education, skills, job-related training, completed development programs, performance appraisals, awards, noteworthy accomplishments, and samples of work.
Term
interest assessment i
Definition
is used to retain valuable employees by providing the organization with an understanding of development opportunities that will keep the employee interested and engaged with the organization.
Term
Talent assessment
Definition
is a process used to align the organization workforce with key business initiatives (KBIs).
Term
Agency rules
Definition
Legislation empowers federal agencies to develop enforcement regulations. Rules and regulations are developed by an agency and are published in the Federal Register. The public has the opportunity to comment and once this comment period is complete, the agency publishes final rules.
Term
Agency regulations:
Definition
Certain federal agencies have the authority to order compliance with federal laws in administrative law courts. These orders have the effect of law and are often published in the Federal Register.
Term
Organizational-level training
Definition
encompasses the entire organization or only a single division or department. At this level, training efforts are focused on preparing for future needs. Analyzing indicators that suggest a decline in the effectiveness of organizational operations can indicate the need for a training intervention. Some indicators that training is needed could include an increase in the number of accidents, a change in strategic direction, or the addition of a new product line.
Term
Individual-level training
Definition
involves a review of performance by individual employees and can be indicated by poor performance reviews or requests for assistance by the employee.
Term
Six Sigma methodology
Definition
DMAIC: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control:
Term
Define:
Definition
The first step is to define the customers and issues of importance to them, along with the process and project parameters.
Term
Measure:
Definition
Once the process is defined, data about defects and other measures is collected and then compared to the original parameters to identify underperformance.
Term
Analyze:
Definition
An analysis of the data is made to identify gaps between the goal and actual performance, explain why the gaps occurred, and rank possible improvements.
Term
Control:
Definition
During the control phase, systems are revised to incorporate the improvements, and employees are trained in the new processes. The goal of this phase is to prevent backsliding into the previous process by ongoing monitoring.
Term
Societal Barriers,
Definition
which result from limited access to educational opportunities as well as biases related to gender, race, and ethnicity.
Term
Internal Structural Barriers,
Definition
which encompass a wide range of corporate practices and shortcomings over which management has some control.
Term
Governmental Barriers,
Definition
which are related to inconsistent enforcement of equal-opportunity legislation and poor collection and dissemination of statistics that illustrate the problem.
Term
Comparison appraisal methods
Definition
compare the performance of individuals or employees to each other. The most common methods of comparison are ranking, paired comparison, and forced ranking.
Term
NIOSH inspection, known as a Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE),
Definition
as established to respond to workplace hazard concerns expressed by employers, employees, unions, and government agencies. These hazard concerns include the effects of chemicals, biological agents, work stress, excessive noise, radiation, and ergonomics, as well as other risks found in the workplace.
Term
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Definition
a document which provides information on how to prevent and treat injuries related to a specific chemical. Maintaining proper MSDSs is an OSHA standard and is evaluated during an OSHA inspection.
Term
statement of corporate values
Definition
is created during the strategy formulation stage of strategic planning. It is a way for the executive team to communicate their standards for how the organization will conduct business. The values chosen for this purpose should be those that will be true regardless of changes in product lines or business processes. When identifying it's important to look not only at what the management team would like to see in the way of behaviors in the organization but also at the values being demonstrated in the course of business each day.
Term
Vestibule training
Definition
is a form of the simulation method that allows inexperienced workers to become familiar with and gain experience using equipment that either is hazardous or requires a level of speed that can be attained only with practice.
Term
four categories of organization development
Definition
Strategic, techno-structural, human process, and human resource management
Term
Six Sigma team structure's levels
Definition
Quality Leader/Manager, Master Black Belt, Process Owner, Black Belt, Green Belt
Term
Master Black Belt:
Definition
generally work with a single function, such as marketing or accounting. They work closely with process owners to implement the DMAIC methodology and ensure that projects stay on track.
Term
Quality Leader/Manager
Definition
he quality leader in an organization generally reports to the CEO or president in order to remain objective. This role represents customer requirements and focuses on continually improving operations.
Term
Process Owner
Definition
Process owners are individuals responsible for a specific process in the organization; for example, the highest-level HR employee in the organization would be the process leader for HR initiatives.
Term
Black Belt:
Definition
employees work full time on quality initiatives, coaching green belts to improve their quality skills.
Term
Green Belt
Definition
have received Six Sigma training and participate on project teams part time while continuing to work in another role for the balance of their time.
Term
Zipper clause
Definition
also called a totality of agreement clause. It is an agreement between both parties that anything not currently included in the agreement isn't part of it. This therefore prevents needing to reopen negotiations during the term of the contract.
Term
Washington v. Davis
Definition
a prominent Title VII case that carries the significance of ruling that tests that have an adverse impact on a protected class are lawful if they're valid predictors of success on the job. The suit was filed by two applicants for the police department who claimed that the written test administered to them had an adverse impact on black applicants. The Supreme Court upheld the district court's finding that the test was a valid predictor of successful performance in the police-training program.
Term
Hazard pay
Definition
additional pay for dangerous and/or extremely uncomfortable working conditions. Hazard pay may be needed to attract candidates to jobs that require contact with hazardous elements such as radiation, chemicals, or extreme conditions.
Term
Reporting pay
Definition
used when an employees are called into work but there is not work available for them.
Term
Call-back pay
Definition
is provided to employees who are called to work before or after their scheduled hours.
Term
Geographic pay
Definition
used to ensure that employees in different locations are paid at rates competitive in the labor market for specific jobs and locations.
Term
On-call pay
Definition
applies to employees who are required to respond to work-related issues on short notice, typically emergencies, and who must be available via pager, telephone, or email and may be paid a daily or hourly premium.
Term
three types of administrative law that do impact employment relationships
Definition
(1) agency rules and regulations, (2) agency orders, and (3) executive orders.
Term
: Increased efficiencies, risk management, and cultural perception of the brand
Definition
strategic benefit of the social force?
Term
strategic benefits of five forces
Definition
Political/Legal Force: Global positive brand recognition
Economic Force: The ability to define the skill sets of future labor to create or sustain a qualified workforce
Social Force: Increased efficiencies, risk management, cultural perception of the brand
Technology: Risk management, consumer and employee confidence
Competition: Profit, market share, customer loyalty, trust
Term
Human capital projecting
Definition
the budgetary activity that human resources participates in to try to measure what value the people employed by the organization hold. This measure uses elements of the human capital management plan to identify what competencies the current workforce holds and then analyzes the current skillsets compared with skillsets needed. Once a gap is realized, a plan is created to develop the necessary competencies among the workforce.
Term
The NIOSH inspection
Definition
tablished to respond to workplace hazard concerns expressed by employers, employees, unions, and government agencies. These hazard concerns include the effects of chemicals, biological agents, work stress, excessive noise, radiation, and ergonomics, as well as other risks found in the workplace.
Term
Performance-based training (PBT)
Definition
most often used to correct performance problems in highly technical or hazardous professions. Under this method, the trainer provides the trainee with opportunities to practice and demonstrate the necessary skill or knowledge until the required level of proficiency is mastered.
Term
demonstration method of training
Definition
can be used as part of an on-the-job training program or combined with a lecture program. The method involves the trainer explaining the process or operation, demonstrating it on the equipment, and then having the learner perform it under the guidance of the trainer.
Term
one-on-one training
Definition
an inexperienced worker is paired with an experienced supervisor or co-worker who uses a variety of techniques to provide the worker with the information and hands-on experience necessary to do the job.
Term
Simulation training
Definition
an interactive training method that provides the learner with opportunities to try new skills or practice procedures in a setting that doesn't endanger the inexperienced trainee, co-workers, or the public.
Term
: (1) structures, (2) functions, and (3) life cycles.
Definition
three aspects of an organization that HR professionals must consider when developing plans or programs are
Term
nonsolicitation agreement
Definition
common standard clause seen in employment contracts. The nonsolicitation clause sets forth agreements that limit the employee's ability to solicit customers, vendors, and employees during the course of the contract and for an agreed-on period of time after the contract ends.
Term
Advice of counsel,
Definition
a clause advising the employee to seek legal counsel prior to signing the contract, is often included.
Term
The termination clause
Definition
sets forth conditions that would lead to a termination for cause, such as inability to perform, neglecting the duties of the position, misconduct, violations of company policy, or other egregious acts.
Term
FECA
Definition
is the acronym used for the Federal Employees' Compensation Act. This act is administered by the DOL and is the federal employees' equivalent of workers' compensation, providing similar benefits for workers injured during the course of performing their jobs
Term
Older Worker Benefit Protection Act
Definition
passed by Congress in 1990 in response to a Supreme Court decision that placed limitations on the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA).amends the ADEA to include a prohibition on discrimination against older workers in all employee benefit plans unless any age-based reductions are justified by significant cost considerations. This amendment allows seniority systems as long as they don't require involuntary terminations of employees based on their age and extends ADEA protections to all employee benefits.

One of the components required for employees to waive their rights is that when a group of employees is involved, employees age 40 and older must be given 45 days to consider their decision. In individual cases, this time frame is reduced to 21 days.
Term
Corporations are legal entities and are defined by four characteristics:
Definition
Liability is limited to assets owned by the corporation.
The life of the corporation can extend beyond the life of its original owner/founder.
There is a central management structure.
Ownership may be transferred freely by selling stock.
Term
The Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA)
Definition
protects the rights of reservists called to active duty in the armed forces. The act provides reemployment and benefits rights and is administered through the Veterans Employment and Training Service (VETS) of the Department of Labor. USERRA applies to all public and private employers in the United States, including the federal government, regardless of size, and members of all uniformed services are covered.
Term
Strategic management
Definition
the ongoing process of innovation, advantage, value creation, and reassessment used to forecast the next organizational challenge. There are various functions and methods that management and HR can use to aid in this process.
Term
Corporate restructuring
Definition
looks at individual units in the organization to reduce or eliminate redundancy or bureaucratic processes in order to reduce costs and increase production.
Term
merger
Definition
occurs when two or more organizations are combined into a single entity with the goal of leveraging the assets of both into a more successful entity.
Term
acquisition
Definition
occurs when one organization, generally a corporation, purchases or trades stock to gain controlling interest in another.
Term
Preplanning
Definition
part of the strategic planning process which includes decision making about who should be involved, a time frame for its completion, and the tools that will be used for data collection.
Term
Strategizing
Definition
uses strengths to gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace.
Term
Research and development
Definition
is charged with designing new product offerings and testing them to make sure they do what they're designed to do before they're offered to the public. develops new products and redesigns old ones to meet changing market demands.
Term
production layout activity,
Definition
the way in which the goods or service will be produced: for example, the design of an assembly line or, in the case of a service, the process to be used in providing it, such as a model plan or protocol for a financial audit.
Term
Balanced Scorecard
Definition
is a management tool developed by Robert Kaplan and David Norton. It is used to tie to outcomes of each of an organization’s departments together under one measurement system.

There are four key areas addressed by the balanced scorecard:

Financial results
Customer results
Key internal processes
How people are hired and trained to achieve organization goals
Term
Human capital projecting
Definition
is the budgetary activity that human resources participates in to try to measure what value the people employed by the organization hold.
Term
Job analysis
Definition
consists of collecting information about the job which is to be done.
Term
R-1 visa
Definition
used for religious workers.
Term
P-1 visa
Definition
visa is used for individual or team athletes as well as entertainment groups.
Term
L-1B visa
Definition
used for specialized knowledge workers
Term
Golden Parachute
Definition
provides significant benefits to an executive whose employment is terminated, usually under specific conditions such as a change in control of the company. Benefits can include severance pay, bonuses, options, continuation of medical coverage, and other types of benefits.
Term
Golden Handshake
Definition
most often used when a CEO takes a position that entails a high risk of termination due to restructuring or a change in direction, or sometimes as an incentive to retire early.
Term
Rabbi Trust
Definition
also known as grantor trusts, are non-qualified deferred compensation plans established to provide retirement income for officers, directors, and HCEs. The funds are unsecured and therefore subject to claims made by the organization's creditors. Benefits are taxable as ordinary income at the time they're paid to beneficiaries. they are not protected by ERISA and only available to a limited number of employees at the executive level.
Term
Direct Compensation
Definition
associated with wages and salaries. This includes base pay, variable compensation, and pay for performance.
Term
Indirect compensation
Definition
consists of any employee payments not associated with wages and salaries. This includes fringe benefits such as vacation, sick, and holiday pay; insurance premiums paid on behalf of employees; leaves of absence; 401( k) or other pension plans; and government-mandated benefits such as Social Security or Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and other benefits.
Term
Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) program
Definition
This program exists to assist workers who lose their jobs as the result of an increase in imported goods. Eligibility for the program requires a group of three or more workers to submit an application to the DOL Division of Trade Adjustment Assistance (DTAA).
Term
The accession rate
Definition
measures the number of new employees against the total number of employees.
Term
EO 11246
Definition
prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of race, creed, color, or national origin and requires affirmative steps be taken in advertising jobs, recruiting, employing, training, promotion, compensation, and terminating employees.
Term
EO 11375
Definition
expanded coverage for protected classes to include discrimination on the basis of sex.
Term
EO 13279
Definition
limited the impact of EO 11246 on faith-based and community organizations providing social services as federal contractors or subcontractors.
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