Shared Flashcard Set

Details

PHR 209
MIDTERM
48
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 1
09/04/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

·        Drugs are regulated by both ________ _____ _______ _____. Always abide by the stricter of the two laws.

Definition
federal and state laws
Term

Since most wholesalers handle controlled substances, they must also have a

Definition
Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) license
Term

·        Controlled substances have to be inventoried every

Definition
2 years.
Term

·     ____ ______ ___ ____ ___ __ ____ was passed by Congress because of concern of the risks to public health and safety associated with unsanitary and poorly labeled foods and drugs. This law prohibited the adulteration and misbranding of foods in interstate commerce.

Definition
  The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
Term

·        __________________________ established two classes of drugs, prescription and over-the-counter drugs, and provided that the labels of prescription drugs did not have to list “adequate directions for use” but were required to include the legend “Caution: Federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription” on the manufacturer’s label.

Definition
The Durham-Humphrey Amendment
Term

___________ drugs are very costly because they are used to treat rare diseases. The cost of making the drugs would be far more than the sales would provide.

Definition
Orphan
Term

·      _________________________ was passed to assure every working man and woman in the nation safe and healthful working conditions. OSHA was created under this act.

Definition
  The Occupational and Safety Act of 1970
Term

·      ______ is an acronym for Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. This act protects patients’ health care information and protects health insurance coverage for workers and their families when they change or lose their jobs.

Definition
  HIPAA
Term

·        ____________________ includes any individually identifiable health information transmitted or maintained in any form, with the exclusion of employment records.

Definition
Protected health information
Term

·        ___________________________ helps pharmacists and technicians identify generic drug products with their bioequivalency for the prescribed drug.

Definition
The Orange Book
Term

·        _______________________ should be given to patients to educate them.  They are written for the lay public describing the benefits and risks of the medication.

Definition
Package inserts
Term

·        ________________ are responsible for developing and producing the pharmaceutical products.

Definition
The drug manufacturers
Term

·        __________________ deliver medication, medical devices and appliances, health and beauty aids, and other products to pharmacies.

Definition
Drug wholesalers
Term

·        __________________ (like community pharmacies) deliver the products to the patients.

Definition
Retailers
Term

·       ________________________ receive a written order (prescription)  for medications.

Definition
Ambulatory patients
Term

·        A formulary is a __________________. A retail pharmacy would not have a formulary; however, a hospital would. The hospital would only carry certain drugs in class as approved by the medical staff of the hospital. It would not be cost effective for a hospital to carry all drugs available.

Definition
listing of drugs of choice
Term

·        Medications that are packaged in __________ are ready to be given to the patient without any further dosage preparation, calculation, or manipulation.

Definition
unit dose
Term

·    ______________________ must be prepared using a germ free technique. This is referred to as aseptic technique.

Definition
    IV admixtures
Term

·        Most people _________________________. It may be the most dangerous because patients fail to understand their medications and how to use them correctly.

Definition
administer their own medications
Term

·        _____________ is the term used to describe not taking medication or forgetting to take it as prescribed. It is a very big problem. Once the prescription is filled, there are no guarantees the patient will take the medication as prescribed or take it at all.

Definition
Noncompliance
Term

·        Side effects are________________________________________________ An example of a side effect would be lightheadedness associated with blood pressure medications.

Definition
expected, minor events that most people experience when taking a medication.
Term

·        ___________________________________ are much more severe than side effects. These adverse reactions can even sometimes result in death.

Definition
Adverse drug reactions
Term

·       __________________________________ occurs when drugs interact with other drugs and sometimes with food or drink. One drug can make another drug inactive or overactive.

Definition
A drug-drug interaction
Term

·        Pharmacy technicians should ___________________________________. Pharmacy technicians are not allowed to counsel patients regarding medications. This is a job responsibility of the pharmacist.

Definition
greet customers, help them locate over the counter items, and take refills
Term

_____________________________is a single-pan instrument with an unequal arm that acts as a compound lever. These balances are less accurate than Class A balances.

Definition
·        A solution balance
Term

·        _____________ are used for grinding and mixing. They are available in wedgewood, glass, and porcelain. Wedgewood and glass are used to grind crystals and large particles. Glass is preferable for mixing liquids and semisoft dosage forms.

Definition
The mortar and pestle
Term

·        Equipment used in a pharmacy for ___________ includes conical graduates, cylindrical graduates, and syringes. Beakers are generally not accurate enough for prescription work.

 

Definition
measuring
Term

·        ______________ must be read at eye level at the lowest level of the meniscus for an accurate reading.

Definition
Liquid medications
Term

·       _____________________ are clear liquids in which the drug is completely dissolved. These will not settle out and do not have to be shaken well. You can see through any solution.

Definition
Solutions
Term

·       _______________________ appear cloudy and will settle out if not shaken well before being used. These preparations contain finely divided drug particles distributed uniformly throughout the vehicle.

Suspensions will separate out. They need to be shaken before taken. The auxiliary label “shake well” should be attached to suspensions.

Definition
Suspensions
Term

·        __________________________ are a solid dosage form that is inserted into a bodily orifice, commonly the urethra, vagina, or rectum. When exposed to body heat, they melt. They are commonly used to deliver analgesics, hormones, antiemetics, laxatives, and vaginal anti-infectives.

Definition
SuppositorieS
Term

·       ______________________________ is an example of a sterile preparation. It is administered by injection.

Definition
A parenteral product
Term

·       ______________________ is a second medication that is infused through the primary IV administration set and is usually 250 ml or less.

Definition
A piggyback
Term

·        __________________ must be utilized when preparing parenteral medications. This is a means of manipulating sterile products without contaminating them.

Definition
Aseptic technique
Term

·        _______________ are single-dose containers.

Definition
Ampules
Term

·       ___________________________ requires higher temperature and longer exposure times than moist heat sterilization. Dry heat sterilization can be used to sterilize oils and powders.

Definition
Dry heat sterilization
Term

·       _______________________ are those orders that must be given immediately. The immediacy relates to the patient’s condition such as the need for pain relief, experiencing clinical distress, or a drug or allergic reaction.

Definition
Stat orders
Term

·        ________________ or generic substitution is found only on prescriptions.

Definition
DAW
Term

·        _____________________ should be checked three times before administering medications to patients. This helps prevent errors from occurring.

Definition
Medication labels
Term

·        __________________________ are incurred in the hospital. Individuals administering medications should be in good health, free of communicable infections. People are susceptible to nosocomial infections.

Definition
Nosocomial infections
Term

·        If you gave the right drug ordered to the wrong patient, this would be a ____________________

Definition
medication error.
Term

·        The only beverage that medication should be taken with is _________ unless otherwise authorized to take it with something else, like milk. Medications can interact with various beverages.

Definition
water,
Term

·        When administering ____________, health care workers should wear disposable gloves, explain the procedure to the patient, clean the area, and remove any remaining ointment.

Definition
topical medications
Term

·        Make sure you never touch the_____________to the patient’s eye when administering eye drops. The dropper will become contaminated, and the infection will continue to be spread.

Definition
tip of the dropper
Term

·      ________________________________________ should be administered on dry surfaces and on areas free of hair, and placed in different locations each time they are administered.

Definition
  Transdermal systems
Term

·        Enteric-coated, sustained action, and controlled release medications cannot ___________. The crushing interferes with how the medication is supposed to be absorbed and broken down.

Definition
be crushed
Term

·      _____________________________are meant to be swallowed, ingested or injected. Labeling on internal medications is black or another color.

Definition
  Internal medications
Term

·       ____________________________contain extra information that needs to be on the medication label. “Shake well before using” would not be typed on the label, but would be affixed separately and is an auxiliary label.

Definition
Ancillary labels
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