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Photovolataic Systems
Building Technology V
44
Architecture
Undergraduate 4
09/28/2012

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Cards

Term
Avoided Cost
Definition

The minimum amount an electric utility is required to pay an independent power producer

 

PURPA required electric utilities to buy electric power at a price equal to the costs they avoid by not having to produce that power

Term
(BOS) Balance of System
Definition
All components other than the PV modules themselves, which include the system electronics, support structure, and storage.
Term
(BIPV) Building Integrated Photovoltaic System
Definition
a pv system with cells/modules incorporated as an integral part of the building envelope (rather than simply tacked on to the building shell).
Term
Blocking Diode
Definition
A diode used to block reverse flow of current into a pv source circuit.
Term
Interactive System
Definition
a pv system that operates in parallel with the electric utility lines and may be designed to deliver power to the utility
Term
Inverter (power conversion system)
Definition
a device that changes direct current (dc) to alternating current (ac).
Term
Panel
Definition
a collection of modules mechanically fastened together, wired, and designed to provide a field-installable unit.
Term
Peak Sun Hours
Definition
number of hours per day at an irradiance of 1 kw/m squared that is equivalent to the total daily insolation energy
Term
pv array
Definition

a mechanically intergrated assembly of modules or panels with a support structure and other components as required, inculding tracking apparatus where used, forming a power-producing unit.

 

(linked assembly of pv modules)

Term
pv cell
Definition
basic pv device that generates electricity when exposed to solar radiation
Term
pv module
Definition
smallest complete, environmentally protected assembly of pv cells and other components normally sold by a manufacturer; comprising several (or many) pv cells.
Term
stand-alone system
Definition
pv system that supplies electrical energy without interconnection to any other power source
Term
thick-crystal photovoltaics
Definition
the most common commercial type of pv material
Term
thin-film photovoltaics
Definition
pv devices made of a semiconductor material, such as copper indium diselenide or amorphous silicon, a few micrometers thick, deposited on substrates of glass, ceramic, or another compatible material.
Term
insolation
Definition
the amount of solar energy recieved by a given area
Term
irradiance
Definition
amount of solar power impacting a specific area
Term
photovoltaic system
Definition
converts sunlight into direct current
Term
how does a pv system work?
Definition
When silicone is struck by photons, electrons flow from the negative side to the positive, creating an electric current
Term
copper and cadmium compounds
Definition

 

what type of material does thin film technology use?

Term
thin-film photovoltaics
Definition
what can be printed on any surface?
Term
BIPV (building integrated photovoltaics)
Definition
what can be applied as window glazing, while also generating electricity?
Term
pv modules and flat plate collectors
Definition
what needs to be tilted to the south at an angle equal to the latitude of location?
Term
thin-film photovoltaics
Definition
what kind of photovoltaic systems doesnt require specific orientation
Term
stand alone systems (off the grid)
Definition
what system requires battery storage and an inverter for ac power, unles entirely wired for dc?
Term
stand alone system
Definition
which system may require an emergency generator?
Term
grid connected system
Definition
utility supplied energy as a supplement to pv system
Term
grid connected system
Definition
what system allows for net-metering, which can offest system capital cost?
Term
12 volts
Definition
how much voltage are normal batteries?
Term
lead-acid battery
Definition
what kind of battery is cheap but not really as good?
Term
nickel-cadmium
Definition
what type of battery is the best for a stand alone system?
Term
less temperature-sensitive, long lasting, can be discharged without damage, no maintenance
Definition
what are characteristics of nickel-cadmium batteries?
Term
$5 per watt
Definition
what is the cost of pv panels
Term
$1 per watt
Definition
what is the cost of an inverter?
Term
$1 per amp-hour
Definition
what is the cost of a battery?
Term
$7-9 per watt
Definition
what is the installation cost of a pv system?
Term
20 %
Definition
what percentage do the fuses, wires, and other micellaneous equipment make up of the pv system?
Term
$21,000
Definition
how much does a residential pv system cost?
Term
$14,000
Definition
how much does a residential pv system cost without a backup battery?
Term
array
Definition
order or arrangement of things
Term
diode
Definition
a semiconductor device containing one p-n junction, used in circuits for converting ac to dc.
Term
photon
Definition
an elementary particle, the quantum of light and all other forms of electromagnetic radiation, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force
Term
tiered incentives randing from $1.30 to $2.50 per AC watt based on calculated expected performance
Definition
What does the CPS Energy Solar Initiative Rebate Program offer?
Term

$25,000 for residential

 

$100,000 for commercial installations

Definition
what does CPS energy solar initiative rebate program offer as solar project rebates? (per residential and commerical)
Term
# of pv modules x ptc rating per module x inverter efficiency x rebate of ac
Definition
what is the formula for a rebate based on expected performance?
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