Term
| What are four things cells need energy for? |
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Definition
| Digesting, Buulding, Moving, and Organizing Molecules |
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Term
| What is the form o fenergy cells use? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is cells chemical energy found in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the ultimate source of enegy for plant? |
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Definition
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Term
Which has more usuable energy?
Atp or glucose? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which has energy that lasts for a long time? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which has energy that losts for a short time? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the product of glycosis? |
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Definition
| 2 molecules of pyruvic acid |
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Term
| How many carbons are in 2 molecules of pyruvic acid? |
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Definition
| It is a 3-carbon compound. |
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Term
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Definition
| Light-absorbing molecules that a plant uses to gather the sun's energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| The plant's principal pigment? |
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Term
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Definition
| Saclike photosynthetic membranes in choloroplasts |
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Term
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Definition
| Proteins in the thylakoid membrane that organize cholorphyll and other pigments |
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Term
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Definition
| The fluid of the cholorplasts. |
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Term
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Definition
| A carrier molecule found in electron transport. |
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Term
| What is the job of the NADP+? |
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Definition
NADP+ accepts and holds 2 high energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion. This converts the NADP+ into NADPH. The conversion of NADP+ into NADPH is one way in which some of the energy of sunlight can be trapped in chemical form.
The NADPH can then carry high energy electtrons produced by light absorption in cholorphyll to chemical reactions elsewhere in the cell. THese high-energy electrons are used to help build a variety of molecules the cell needs. |
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Term
| What do light-dependent reactions? |
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Definition
| produce oxygen gas /// convert ADP and NADP+ into the energy carriers ATP and NADPH. |
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Term
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Definition
| A protein that the cell membrane contains that spans the membrane and allows H+ ions to pass through it. |
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Term
| What is the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
| A cycle where: plants use the energy that ATP and NADPH contain to build high-energy compounds that can be stored for a long time. |
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Term
| What is the first step of the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
Carbon Dioxide Enters the Cycle:
6 carbon dioxide molecules are combined with six 5-carbon molecules to produce twelve 3-carbon molecules. |
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Term
| What is the second step of the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
Energy Input:
Energy from ATP and high-energy electrons from NADPH are used to convert the twelve 3-carbon molecules into higher-energy forms. |
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Term
| What is the third step of the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
6-Carbon Sugar Produced:
Two 3-carbon molecules are removed from the cycle to produce sugars, lipids, amino acids, and other compounds. |
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Term
| What is the fourth step of the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
5-Carbon Molecules Regenerated:
The 10 remaining 3-carbon molecules are converted back into six 5-carbon molecules, which are used in the next cycle. |
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Term
| What is cellular respiration? |
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Definition
| The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process in which one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid. |
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Term
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Definition
| An electron carrier that has 4-high energy electrons passed to it because of a reaction of glycosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions |
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Term
| What does the electron transport chain do during the Krebs cycle? |
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Definition
| Uses high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. |
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