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Phonetics, Spoken English
A few basic terms of phonology
8
Language - English
Undergraduate 1
06/22/2015

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Term
basilect
Definition
A variety of a language that has diverged greatly from the standard form, and is only considered suitable for very informal contexts by speakers
Term
acrolect
Definition
The variety of speech that is considered most suitable for formal occasions (typically using only standard forms);
Term
mesolect
Definition
A variety of speech that is midway between the acrolect and the basilect.
Term
isogloss
Definition
A line indicating the geographical boundaries of a linguistic feature on a map.
Term
Inherent (intrinsic) vs. imposed norm hypothesis
Definition
Some languages inherently ('objectively') more aesthetically appealing than others.
Term
Features of Scottish English?
Definition
Strong rhoticity (r rolling), t glottaling, au > ou, earth as 'aerth', air as 'ear'. Approximation of long vs short vowels. 'ae' as 'a', 'but' as 'bot'. Scottish English has no /ʊ/, instead transferring Scots /u/. Phonetically, this vowel may be pronounced [ʉ] or even [ʏ]. Thus pull and pool are homophones.
Term
Features of AuE?
Definition
Non-rhoticity, t-flapping, h-dropping (variable), no l-vocalization. Slightly raised front vowels /e/, long i as ei= beat as bait. Slightly americanized o. Shifted diphtongs. Up-talk, long initial parts of diphtongs.
Term
Features of Anglo-Indian Accent?
Definition
Fricatives (th) as plosives (t,d). Face and Goat are monophtongs: e:, o:. Happy is a close i:. No opposition between v vs w.
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