Term
| When is plasticity most common? |
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Definition
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Term
| When is plasticity most vital? |
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Definition
-Injury
-Learning (Language especially) |
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Term
| Steps in neuronal development |
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Definition
1. Proliferation
2. Differentiation
3. Myelination
4. Synaptogenesis |
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Term
| When does synaptogenesis occur? |
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Definition
| during all stages of neural development |
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Term
| What has to be present for synaptogenesis to occur? |
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Definition
| Axons & neurotrophins (NGH) |
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Term
| What can cause brain damage? |
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Definition
-tumors
-infections
-exposure to toxic substances
-degenerative diseases
-closed head injuries
-stroke |
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Term
| What are the types of strokes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are both types of strokes so damaging to the brain? |
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Definition
| Both cause disruption of the Na/K pump leading to the accumulation of K inside neurons |
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Term
| Where is the primary sensory cortex located? |
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Definition
| In the front part of the parietal lobe |
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Term
| Are there more rods or cones in the retina? |
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Definition
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Term
| In parallel processing, how is the visual scene divided? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is there "crossover" in vision? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the light pathway to the occipital lobe? |
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Definition
| Cornea, lens, retina, optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), superior colliculi, occipital cortex |
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Term
| What do the bones in the ear do? |
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Definition
| Vibrate to make the waves stronger |
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Term
| What makes up the outer ear? |
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Definition
| Pinna (flesh & cartilage) |
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Term
| What is the outer ear responsible for? |
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Definition
| Altering reflection of sound waves into the middle ear |
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Term
| What parts make up the middle ear? |
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Definition
| tympanic membrane (ear drum) & the 3 bones (malleus, incus, stapes) |
|
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Term
| what parts make up the inner ear? |
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Definition
| cochlea, 3 fluid-filled tunnels: scala vestibuli, scala media, scala tpmani, & hair cells |
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Term
| Where does transduction occur? |
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Definition
| Where receptor cells are excited |
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Term
| What are the components of sound? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of hearing impairment? |
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Definition
-Conductive or middle ear deafness
-Nerve deafness |
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Term
| What causes conductive/middle-ear deafness? |
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Definition
| disease, infections, or tumorous bone growth |
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Term
| What causes nerve or inner ear deafness? |
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Definition
| genetics, parental problems, or early childhood disorders |
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Term
| Where is the vestibular organ? |
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Definition
| in the ear adjacent to the cochlea |
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Term
| What is the function of the vestibular system? |
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Definition
| directs compensatory movements of the eye & helps to maintain balance |
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