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| knowledge based on experience, observation of how things are in the world of changing things |
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| knowledge based on reasoning rather than observation |
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| the theory of knowledge, and the inquiry into its possibility, nature, and structure. |
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| an account of the nature and origin of the universe |
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| first cause argument: Russell |
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| proving god's existence is the first cause. In the world we know, eerything has a cause and nothing causes itself. The series of causes cannot go back to infinity, so there must be a first cause and this first cause must be God. |
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| Hume thought our thinking is conducted with simple ideas that are copied from impressions of external objects and complex ideas that result from combining the simple ones. The mind can put ideas together in new ways not derived from perception, so complex ideas need not correspond to external objects. "the sun is not going to rise tomorrow" being as true as "the sun will rise tomorrow" because there is no theory of relation of idea to prove either of them, so they are equally as true as the other. |
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| truths that simply reflect the way these ideas are related to each other, like a math algorithm. It cannot be disputed. They are discoverable by the mere operation of thought, without depending on what is anywhere existant in the universe. We don't need a circle to know circles exist. |
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