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| Another word for freedom of thought or action. An autonomous thout is one that is not determined by external factors. |
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| The political philosophy that governmental authority in any form is coercive and thus illegitimate; Goldman says that it is teh philosophy of a new social order based on liberty unrestricted by manmade law. |
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| A form of government ruled by an elite class of persons who hold exceptional rank; government by the best or most capable people in the state. |
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| The teaching that it is your duty to ignore your own happiness in favor of the happiness of others. |
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| The practice of self-denial, of not allowing oneself pleasure, often for religious reasons. |
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| Nonerotic love. This term, which is used by New Testament writers to refer to the kind of lvoe that Jesus urges, is criticized by Starhawk for being too abstract and impersonal. |
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| Refers generally to the claim that we cannot know certain types of knowledge, in religion, it refers specifically to the claim that we cannot know whether God exists. |
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| In Marxist theory, the class of modern capitalists who own the means of production and who employ wage laborers. |
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| Kant's term for a moral law or command that is given to us by reason and that is universal and qualified. Kant claims there is only one of its kind: "Act only on that maxim whereby thou canst at the same time will that it should become a universal law." In other words, Kant claims that the ultimate moral law is taht in all cases we should act in such a way that we would want everyone else to act |
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| Refers to any philosophical theory that justifies political arrangements or moral principles by appealing to a social contarct that is either explicitly or implicitly agreed to. |
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| An economic system in which teh means and modes of production are held in common rather than being individually or privately owned. |
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| Belief in God that is based on reasoning about the natural world. Most believe that God created the universe as well as natural laws to govern its operation, thus denying the existence of miracles. |
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| The philosophical position that two distinct kinds of substances make up reality. The most commonly accepted is that between mind/body and soul. |
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| A term derived from the ancient Greeks that literally means "rule by the people." |
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| In ethics, it is the moral value that is ultimately determined by self-interest; generally, the disposition to judge things according to one's own personal interests without considering the interests of others. |
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| Exclusive relianec in religious matters upon faith; usually with consequent rejection tof appeals to science of philosophy. |
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| The middle course between extremes--"The happy medium." |
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| The worship of one particular God; however, not discounting the existence of other deities. |
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| A political philosophy that advocated the maximization of individual rights and liberty, and the minimization of the role of the state. |
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| The belief that there is only one god. |
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| A form of government in which power is held by a few persons or a privileged class a society ruled by a wealthy elite. |
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| God is identical with the world. |
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| In Marxist theory, the class of modern wage laborers or workers who, having no means of production of their own, are reduced to selling their labor in order to survive. |
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| There are many gods controlling our destiny. |
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| A logical puzzle that defies rational explanation or solution; an apparently self-contradictory conclusion drawn from premises that intially seem to be acceptable. Kierkegaard says that teh traditional conception of Christ as beign both fully human and fully divine is an example of this. |
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| The philosophical position that there is no absolute knowledge, no single correct view of reality. |
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| A theory or social system in which the means and teh goods produced by them are owned and controlled collectively rather than privately. |
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| Believes in one personal God (monotheism) having all the qualities of perfection: omnipotence, omnipresence, omniscience, love, truth, etc. He is external to the world as creator and sustainer, but is actively involved in the world and concerned. |
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| The ethical theory roposed by Jeremy Bentham and popularized by Stuart Mill that considers utility or usefulness as teh ultimate criterion of moral worth. For Mill and Bentham, that action is right which brings about teh greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people. |
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