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| Study of Ultimate Reality or "what is" |
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| Special metaphysics is the science of one kind of being; as, the metaphysics of chemistry, of morals, or of politics. |
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| The belief that reality exists independently of observers, whether in philosophy itself or in the applied arts and sciences. A realist accepts the way things are believing that nothing can be done about it. |
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| Moderate realists hold that there is no realm in which universals exist, but rather universals are located in space and time wherever they are manifest. Now, recall that a universal, like greenness, is supposed to be a single thing. Nominalists consider it unusual that there could be a single thing that exists in multiple places simultaneously. The realist maintains that all the instances of greenness are held together by the exemplification relation, but this relation cannot be explained. |
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| For Aristotle, any given thing that exists. |
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| A trait, attribute, or characteristic of something. |
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| God is all ruling over everything. All powerful |
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| a condition or statement involving contradiction or absurdity; as, that a thing can be and not be at the same time. |
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| “inconsistent with a Law of Nature”. That is, anything that is inconsistent with a Law of Nature is “physically impossible”. |
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| Compatibilism is the belief that free will and determinism are compatible ideas, and that it is possible to believe both without being logically inconsistent |
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| The idea that events within a given paradigm are bound by causality in such a way that any state (of an object or event) is completely, or at least to some large degree, determined by prior states. |
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| the political philosophy that holds individual liberty as the basic moral principle of society. |
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| The ability to make choices without any other form of power or event determining those choices. |
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| God knows the range of possible worlds |
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| this world is made with all its possible contingencies that God knows in advance. |
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is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope (limitations) of knowledge. It addresses the questions:
What is knowledge?
How is knowledge acquired?
How do we know what we know? |
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| the concept that points of view have no absolute truth or validity, having only relative, subjective value according to differences in perception and consideration |
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| the belief that there is no absolute truth and that the way in which different people perceive the world is subjective. |
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| deconstructionism is a challenge to the attempt to establish any ultimate or secure meaning in a text. based on the premise that much of human history, in trying to understand, and then define, reality has led to various forms of domination - of nature, of people of color, of the poor, of homosexuals, etc. Like postmodernism, deconstructionism finds concrete experience more valid than abstract ideas and, therefore, refutes any attempts to produce a history, or a truth. |
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