Term
| 3 forms of Kants categorical imperative |
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Definition
the formula of universal law.
the formula of humanity
the formula of autonomy |
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Term
| categorical vs. hypothetical imperative |
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Definition
categorical- do x
hypothetical- if you want x, do x |
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Term
| direct normative utilitarianism |
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Definition
| tells us what we should do. the actions that maximize aggregate happiness. |
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Term
| 3 of 6 arenas in which Mill says we use the terms just and unjust |
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Definition
desert- just when bad things that happen to bad ppl
violations of contracts- unjust when someone breaks a promise.
equality - unjust that some ppl get privileges and right and others don't |
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Term
| kants definition of humanity |
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Definition
| ability to set goals, utilize means to achieve goals, and organize these means and goals into a coherent whole. |
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Term
| 2 psychological traits distinguish human judgements of justice and injustice from the desire of revenge commonly found in non-human animals. |
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Definition
greater sympathy
greater intelligence. |
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Term
| kants difference between unconditioned value and intrinsic value? |
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Definition
good will has both unconditioned and intrinsic value.
happiness has intrinsic and conditioned value
intrinsic- has value in itself. |
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Term
| subjective vs. objective justification |
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Definition
subjective- have or think you have a reason to do something.
objective-there is actually a reason |
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Term
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Definition
| self control/ determination |
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Term
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Definition
| someone knows something a priori if and only if their justification for believing it doesnt concern their sense experience. |
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Term
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Definition
| someone knows something to be a posteriori if and only if their justification for believing it ultimately concerns their sense experience. |
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Term
| kants 2 functions of empirical ethics |
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Definition
applying laws to instances
and overcoming inclinations |
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Term
| kants reason on why happiness doesnt have an unconditioned value |
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Definition
| guy living on the island example. |
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Term
| counterfacutal account from duty |
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Definition
| acts that come form good will are acts is my duty, no inclination to do it. |
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Term
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Definition
| allows for praising acts from the good will |
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Term
| indirect normative utilitarianism |
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Definition
| should do actions that accord with rules that maximize aggregate happiness. |
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Term
| mills distinction between internal and external sanctions |
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Definition
internal- guilt, feeling bad
external- punished, shamed, avoiding.
reasons of acting moral |
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Term
| difference between a preemptive war and a war fought in self defense |
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Definition
preemptive- fight cuz you think the people are going to attack you, so it will be better if you strike first.
self-defense= fights cuz someone else starting fighting you first. |
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Term
| walzers rules of disregard |
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Definition
| interventions can be justified whenever a government is engaged in the massacre or enslavement of its own citizens or subjects. |
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Term
| shue meaning of condition of compliance |
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Definition
| torture should be less objectionable when the tortured person can do something that will stop the torture. |
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Term
| direct evaluative utilitarianism |
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Definition
| the morally best world is the one whose actions done are the ones that maximize aggregate happiness. |
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Term
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Definition
the study of moral epsitemology and moral metaphysics.
realism, anti-realism, relativism, expressivism. |
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Term
| murder wrong? analytically? |
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Definition
murder implies that it is wrong.
analytical truth because it being wrong is embedded in the definition. |
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Term
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Definition
| perfect duty- if d is a perfect duty then everyone bears d to all people at all times. |
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Term
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Definition
| if d is an imperfect duty, the some people bear d toward some people at some times, but d is not a duty we all have to all people at all times. |
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Term
| question that moral psychology addresses? |
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Definition
why do people act morally when they do?
religious- i want God to love me. |
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Term
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Definition
| those conditions under which one nation or people is morally justified in going to war against another. |
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Term
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Definition
| the kind of conduct that is morally acceptable in the waging of war. |
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Term
| determine which of two pleasures is more worthy of promotion |
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Definition
| ask everyone who is familiar with both and then decide. |
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Term
| population to evaluate for maximum happiness? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| reason to x remains a reason to x even if overridden or outweighed by reasons not to x. pick friend up example |
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Term
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Definition
| apparent reason to x such that what seems to be a reason to x neednt actually be a reason to x. (woman hitting with her purse) |
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Term
| sterbas definition of terrorism |
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Definition
| terrorism is the use or threat of violence intentionally aimed agains innocent people to elicit terror in them, or in some other group of people, in order to further political objective. |
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Term
| doctrine of double effect |
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Definition
| causing harm could be okay if it brings our a better ending |
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Term
| 3 functions that mill assigns to 1st principle of morality |
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Definition
allowing for moral progress
deciding between conflicts
determining goal/ point of morality |
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Term
| difference between consequentialism and utilitarianism |
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Definition
| consequentialism is and umbrella term that utilitarianism falls under. |
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