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| way of life, moral code, method of examining ways of life |
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| what ought i do? what makes an action right or wrong? |
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| self realization, what kind of person must I become to be worthy? self determination, to what extent am I free to choose what I become? relation between doing right and being worthy? |
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| what makes an action right or wrong |
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| agent --> action --> consequence |
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| theory about the nature of morality |
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| different moral codes, no cross cultural standards of morality, tolerance of other cultures |
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| early Europeans divided world between xians and non xians, chinese girls birth before marriage ensuring fertility, chinese foot binding, india dad eating for protection, tibetan cadaver eagle feeding for honor |
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| ideas are cultural products, reflect prejudices of cultural conditioning |
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| difference between people's belief and what's actually happening, idea is mentally lazy in search for truth all accepting, must look to reason and experience in search for truth |
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| conclusions from fact that people disagree |
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| what's right is right, moral progress is doubtful, moral reformers are always wrong, mutually exclusive moral judgments are compatible, slavery accepted then outlawed, hitler innocent since most of killing done by others, reformers exist because this doesn't work |
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| overlap in moral principles, there are rules all societies have in common |
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| what is the best sort of life for man to lead |
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| understand human life and human existence, man is a rational being who can think, know, and understand |
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| refers to end or goal directness, what we're shooting for, theory is one that emphasizes purposive and goal directed activity, concerned with ends rather than moral obligation or duty |
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| good for man is what man by nature seeks, difference |
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| intrinsic v. instrumental good |
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| good desired for sake of itself or desired for sake of something else |
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| well being, eudaimonia, happiness |
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| eu = good, daimonia = spirit, all men seek happiness but disagree on what it is |
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| needs and wants are both desires but of different kinds, natural needs v. artifical wants = temporary v. long term needs |
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| happiness is activity of soul and virtue |
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| self realization, state of actualizing or realizing a person's actions, happy life provides all conditions for person to become fully themselves, requires possessions but itself isn't a possession, results of activities even though activities are hated, |
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| end can become a mean over time, graduate = end but mean to better career |
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| actions generate happiness when performed with appropriate excellence or virtue |
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| live good moral character, live fullest life possible, develop and nurture all good necessary qualities while avoiding all character defects |
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| habits enable us to make choices regularly, with ease, avoiding making up our minds and making a decision each time, becomes natural to perform them |
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| virtue by means of a habit of excellence |
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| state of character which manifests itself in choice, not natural/genetic but repeated actions, certain activities produce certain virtues |
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| choice in accordance with a mean |
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| choice between two extremes, defect <-- mean --> excess, the most right choice |
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| defect <-- mean --> excess |
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| cowardice <-- courage--> rashness |
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| [no name] <--temperance--> indulgence |
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| meanness <-- liberality --> prodigality |
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| inirascibility <-- good temper --> irascibility |
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| undue <-- proper --> empty |
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| well being, quality of human life/connect to activities |
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| without activity pleasure does not arise, it complete the activities, proper pleasure to each activity |
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| in virtuous activities, not amusement |
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