Term
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Definition
| any word or phrase that can stand as the subject of a sentence. |
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Term
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Definition
| words or sentences that convey facts. |
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Definition
| words or sentences that express of evoke emotions. |
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Definition
| saying that something is good or bad, right or wrong. |
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Definition
| when one cannot easily tell whether the word does or does not apply. |
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Term
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Definition
| the word has different meanings. |
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Term
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Definition
| giving some term a specified meaning. |
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Term
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Definition
| a description of the way some term is conventionally used within a language community. |
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Term
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Definition
| assigning precise meaning to a word for uses within a specific subject, such as law or psychology because that word might otherwise be used loosely outside that context. |
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Term
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Definition
| an account of the meaning of a single term in the context of a whole system of which that term is a part. |
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Term
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Definition
| definitions that are formulated precisely to influence attitudes. |
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Definition
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Definition
| the word or group of words that does the defining. |
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Term
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Definition
| the class of objects to which the term conventionally applies. |
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Term
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Definition
| the set of properties shared by all the objects in the term's extension and by virtue of which these objects are included in its extension. |
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Term
| definition by pointing (ostensive definition) |
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Definition
| the pointing out of members of the definiendum's extension. |
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Term
| definition by enumeration |
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Definition
| defining of a term by listing some or all of the members of the term's extension. |
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Term
| definition by sub-classes |
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Definition
| an extensional definition that lists the sub-classes included in the terms extension. |
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Term
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Definition
| a term that has the same meaning as the definiendum. |
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Term
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Definition
| the meaning of a term is identified by the linguistic roots from which the word is derived. |
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Term
| definition by test (operational definition) |
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Definition
| a term that gives some test for deciding whether the term can be applied. |
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Term
| definition by genus or difference |
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Definition
| one specifies (1) a broad genus (category) within which the extension of the definiendum falls, and (2) the differences that separate the members of that extension form other objects within the category. |
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Term
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Definition
| any one way an argument can become more convincing than it should be. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy using threats or, physical or otherwise, to win an argument. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy to win over your opponent or audience by invoking some kind of emotion. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy to win an agreement by pointing out that we don't really know whether the conclusion is true or false. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy when one applies a good general rule to a case where it does not fit. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy when one infers that if something has a certain property, its parts also have that property. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy when one infers that if all the parts of something have a certain property, the thing itself, as one entity, has that property. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy in which one one identifies a range of entities or conditions that are more or less continuous and argues that something true of some of these must be true of all. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy in which the premises simply do not support the conclusion at issue (although they may prove something else instead). |
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Term
| argument against the person |
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Definition
| fallacy of instead of attacking the reasoning of your opponent, you attack your opponent personally. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy involving distorting an opponent's views into something indefensible. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy in which one commits by asking a single question that is really a combination of two or more questions; the answer to one question is taken as the answer to all. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy that occurs when one surreptitiously assumes, as a premise, the very conclusion one's argument is intended to establish. |
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Term
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Definition
| fallacy in which the first premise seems to be true because it appears to exhaust all possibilities, supposing something must be either good or evil, despite the fact that its neutral (money is neither good or evil); as the dichotomy is presented, it ignores and obscures this fact. |
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Term
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Definition
| an argument that is valid or strong only if some word or phrase is used consistently throughout the argument, but whose statements are true only if that word or phrase is used inconsistently. |
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