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| a teleological (having definite purpose) system in which each substanceis striving for self actualization and for whatever perfection within the limitations allowed by its particular essence. |
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Creative drive or inner urge;
only humans are aware |
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1-Form=Format
2-Matter=Material
3-Force=efficient is actual force that forms or shapes the matter
4-Object=Ultimate purpose |
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Right relationship with God;
Living a righteous life before God brings happiness |
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Qualities=wisdom, knowledge, ratio nality, clarityu of understanding, and cognitive intelligence
Develped=overtime through teaching and practice (school) |
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Qualities= being temperate, just courageous, compassionate, generous, friendly, and truthful
developed= also over time; but, requires a great deal of FORMAL INSTRUCTION |
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| ARISTOTLE'S AESTHETICS: a cleansing of passions/ art can be of value it can be meaningful |
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-most arguments not good arguments
--Priori= before observation
--posteriori=after observation |
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1 Identifty
2 non-contradiction
3-the excluded middle |
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| B can't be B and not B at the same time |
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| C ius either C or it is not C |
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| Epistemological Continuum |
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EMPIRICISM Reality through observation and experiment
RATIONALISM: is self evident
INDUCTION: goes with empiricism it is logic
DEDUCTION: for deductive logic for rationalism |
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| CONTINUUM CONTD.......Theistic Theory= |
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| CONTIMUUM CONTD. MATERIALISM= |
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| IT JUST EXISTS; CANT EXPLAIN IT (EXISTENSE) |
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1-SENSES
2-EXPERIENCES
3-A POSTERIORI
4-SYNTHETIC |
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1-MIND
2-REASONING
3-A PRIOR
4-ANALYTIC |
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| =AN ARGUMENT FORM CONSISTING OF 2 PREMISES AND A CONCLUSION |
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| Man is mortal, Socrates is a man... |
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| consequence=Socrates is mortal |
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-Middle term must refer to all members of the class at least once
--term in conclusion referring to all members of a class mjst also refer to all members of the class in the premise
--premise must not be negatve |
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1- Post Hoc Ergo Propter
2-Black or White
3-Argument Ad ignorantiam
44Argumentum Ad Hominem
5-Equivocation
6-false observation
7false convers
8-fallacy of the straw man |
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| A then B happens so A must cause B assumption |
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| Assumption of contradiction when is none |
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I say is true/you cant provbe it false
you say false/ you cant prove true |
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| if a bad man is a teacher you shouldn't listen to him; don't listen to bad people |
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| words are slippery and they can have different meanings |
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| all men are mortal therefore all non-men are not mortal |
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| All men are mortal therefore all mortals are men |
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1-warrantability
2-Correspondence
3--Comprehensiveness-Simplicity (Ockman's Razor)
4--Pragmatic Test
5--Livability |
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1-Reason
2-Experience
3-Intuition
4-Revelation |
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objects exist in time in space
INNER SENSE=TIME
OUTER SENSE=SPACE |
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| VALUE/CONCERN for future generations |
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explored hedonism
--THE GARDEN---PURSUE GOOD LIFE WITH FOLLOWERS THERE |
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| EPICURUS ON METAPHYSICS: ATOMISM |
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-REASON
-something can't come from nothing
-OBSERVATION
--object cut down to composite parts(Question) infinitely small?
-THE PROBLEM
-atome=weight
--straight down not collide
-SOLUTION
--The Swerve=unaccountable collision of atoms to make objects |
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| atoms-------SWERVE--------atoms=object |
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| Epicurus's Ideas on Problem of death |
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Death=annihilation=decomposition so on senses
living=not dead so.......
death affects neither living or dead |
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1. pleasure (hedonism)
--Active hedonism--Wine sex ccheese cake
--Passive=inner soul pleasure
2-Desire
a. natural desire=necessary
b. vein desire=unnecessary |
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| Epi's= two kinds of pleasure |
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1-Moving-lawn mower/lemonade
2-Statioc=best kind of pleasure =Need/want balanced |
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Spock
God=Reason/Logos
Founded=Zeno of Citium
evil doers lack knowledge |
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1-duty
2-objectivity
3-self-sufficiency |
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| founding idea of Stoicism=god is all Natue/reason |
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Founded by Plotinus
--big christian influence (asceticism)
--Changed WORLD OF IDEAL FORMS
--INVENTED"THE ONE" |
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Neo Platonism
--Beyond reason unlike plato's world of forms
------------ONE
------intelligence
-----soul
-Matter |
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Neo Platonism
--Beyond reason unlike plato's world of forms
------------ONE
------intelligence
-----soul
-Matter |
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| (lent) denying oneself basic needs |
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William of Ockman
Began Empiricism
simple explanation=reality |
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