Term
|
Definition
| An act is only right if it produces the most amount of happiness possible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A political ideal urging the complete abolition of government |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Arguing for or against something on the basis of lack of evidence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any case in which a party assumes a controversial point not conceded by the other side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Theory that human behavior can be explained by conditioning, without appeal to thoughts or feelings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A coherence theory of truth states that the truth of any (true) proposition consists in its coherence with some specified set of propositions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A political theory advocating a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An ideology emphasizing the responsibility of the individual to community and social importance of family unit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Doctrine that the morality of an action is to be judged solely by its consequences |
|
|
Term
| Correspondence Theory of Truth |
|
Definition
| Truth or falsity of a statement is determined by how it relates to world and whether it accurately describes that world |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Existence of disagreements between cultures or individuals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ethical principle of fair distribution of resources to all members of society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The belief that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experiences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Logical fallacy of using a term with more than one meaning or sense misleadingly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Capable of being tested (verified or falsified) by experiment or observation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Authoritarian political ideology that organizes nation according to corporate perspectives, values and systems |
|
|
Term
| First Person Subjectivity |
|
Definition
| Opposite of scientific perspective, Thomas Nagel proposed this phrase and used example of "what it is like to be a bat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The view that some beliefs can be justifiably held based on the inference from other beliefs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Bottom up" logic that derives propositions from examples as opposed to deductive logic, which derives examples from propositions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The power of minds to represent properties and states of affairs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Logical fallacy where a conclusion has been made prior to all necessary evidence being accounted for |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An economic theory advocating free competition and a self-regulating market |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An extreme laissez-faire political philosophy advocating only minimal state intervention in the lives of citizens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Right and wrong are not universally identical, they vary due to traditions, convictions, or practices of an individual |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mind and body are not identical, and mental phenomena are in some respects non-physical |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A typical example or pattern of something; a model |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Claim that a state ought to behave amorally in the international arena |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Properties of objects that are universally similar to any observer, such as solidity, extension, motion, number and figure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The view that humans are always motivated by self-interest, even in what seem to be acts of altruism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reliance on reason as the best guide for belief and action |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Belief that an action is right if it leads to the greatest good |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A quality or property as perceived or experienced by a person |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Properties that produce sensations in observers, such as color, taste, smell, and sound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The meaning o a word, phrase, sentence, or text |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Argument that a relatively small first step will lead to drastic changes (Directv commercials) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A valid deductive argument that contains only true premises. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fallacy where one alters opponents argument in order to make it easier to attack |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An argument with correct inductive logic, and the conclusion is likely if the premises are true |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An AI system which is able to think on a level at least equal to humans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The arrangement of words and phrases to create well formed sentences in a language |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The method of observation in scientific studies; basically opposite of first person subjectivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fair, objective, and permissive attitude towards those whose opinions differ from one's own |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Test of machines ability to exhibit intelligent behavior equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of a human |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A deductive argument in which its logically impossible for the premises to be true and conclusion false |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Method of determining morality of certain issue based upon one "forgetting" all knowledge of one's own abilities, tastes, and position within social order of society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Argument where inferential claim is false; in other words, conclusion is not likely if premises are true |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ai system whose capabilities are not intended to match or exceed capabilities of human beings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
