Term
| Greek definition of Philosophy |
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Definition
| "Philos": Love "Sophia": Wisdom |
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| It is a discipline about disciplines, it clarifies the concepts of other disciplines and identifies their assumptions |
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| Four Characteristic Subject Matter |
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| Logic, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Value Theory |
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| The branch of philosophy that concerns the principles of reasoning |
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| The branch of philosophy that studies the most general and fundamental features of reality |
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| The branch of philosophy that considers the nature of knowledge and belief |
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| The branch of philosophy that investigates values, including aesthetics, ethics and political philosophy |
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| What is the hallmark of philosophical method? |
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| is a group of statements (called premises) of which are intended to provide support for the thrush of another statement |
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| Statements are capable of being either true of false |
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| Statements that provide the reasons (or justification or evidence) for believing the conclusion |
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| the claim of the argument |
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If P, then Q
P
Therefore, Q
VALID |
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Definition
If P, then Q
~Q
Therefore, ~P
VALID |
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Definition
Step 1. Assume P (where P is what you want to disprove)
Step 2. Logically deduce a contradiction form P
Step 3. Conclude ~P (since O heads to contradiction
VALID |
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Definition
If P, then Q
~P
Therefore, ~Q
INVALID |
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Definition
If P, then Q
Q
Therefore P
INVALID |
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Term
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Definition
| Inference to the best explanations |
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Term
| 3 Steps for evaluating a Philosophical argument |
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Definition
1. Reconstruct the argument
2. Consider all argument's form
3. Consider arguments premises |
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| Assuming what one is arguing for |
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| Using a term more than one sense |
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| Misrepresenting an oppising argument before proceeding to refute it |
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| Characterizing an opposing argument in its strongest form |
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| At first glance, on the face of it |
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| is a true statement that could have been false |
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| is a true statement that could NOT have been false |
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Term
| Necessarily true property/being |
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Definition
| a property that is true in every possible world |
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| Possibly true property/being |
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Definition
| a property that is possible in at least one world |
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| Contingently true property/being |
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| a property that is true in the actual world but there is possible world which it may not exist |
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