Term
| What disorder of the extrapyramidal systems is characterized by the degredation of dopamine producing neurons? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What are the S & S of PD? |
|
Definition
Resting Tumor
Small handwriting
Change in Gait
Mask Face
Bradykinsia |
|
|
Term
| What is the most effective medication for the treatment of PD? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the principle action of carbidopa? |
|
Definition
| Prevents breakdown of levodopa in the periphery |
|
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Term
| What drug group stimulate dopamine receptors directly and what is the DOC for PD? |
|
Definition
| Dopamine agonists;Pramipexole/Mirapex |
|
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Term
| What are the defining characteristics of Entacapone/Comtan? |
|
Definition
-COMT inhibitor
-prevents breakdown of levadopa
-Orange Pee |
|
|
Term
| What are the defining characteristics of Selegiline? |
|
Definition
-MAO-B inhibitor
-Only one to affect disease state
-stops enzyme which breaks down dopamine |
|
|
Term
| What do we want to monitor when treating a PD patient with Amantadine? |
|
Definition
| Watch Creatinine Clearance |
|
|
Term
| What is the M.O.of Anticholinergics and what are the adverse effects? |
|
Definition
| Blocks the muscarinic receptors;can't see,pee,spit, or void. |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the most commonly used anti-Ach? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary pathology of PD? |
|
Definition
| Degeneration of neurons in the substania nigra resulting in imbalance btw ACh and dopamine. |
|
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Term
| What is the enzyme responsible for converting levadopa to dopamine? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the principle adverse affects of Levodopa usage? |
|
Definition
| Nausea,dyskinsia, hypotension, and psychosis. |
|
|
Term
| Why do we use Clozapine in PD treatment? |
|
Definition
| It is a atypical antipsychotic which does not block dopamine receptors. |
|
|
Term
| What is the result of eating a high-protien meal while taking levodopa? |
|
Definition
| Reduction of therapuetic effects due to competition btw med and amino acids for absorption in the intestine and transport across the BBB. |
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Term
| What is the M.O. of the group of drugs called dopamine agonists? |
|
Definition
| direct activation of dopamine receptors in the stratium |
|
|
Term
| What is the M.O. of Selegine? |
|
Definition
Enhances levodopa by inhibiting MAO-B (enzyme which inactivates dopamine)
-may actually delay the progression of the disease state |
|
|
Term
| What is the histopathology of AD? |
|
Definition
| neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex |
|
|
Term
| What is the M.O., major adverse effect,and indication of use for Cholineseterase Inhibitors? |
|
Definition
| Prevents the break down of Ach,may cause GI bleeding, used for mild-moderate states |
|
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Term
| What drugs can reduce the effects of Cholinesterase inhibitors and why do they exert said effect? |
|
Definition
| Antihistamines, TCA's, and typical antipsychotics;block ACh receptors |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of NMDA Receptor Antagonistic drug and it's indicated use |
|
Definition
| Memantine;indicated use for moderate to severe AD |
|
|
Term
| What are the benefits and adverse effects of NSAIDS and aspirin? |
|
Definition
| 1/day may delay progression;GI bleed, fluid retention, and renal dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| What is the primary adverse effect of Ginkgo Biloba? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the three means of symptom control for AD suffers? |
|
Definition
1) Antidepressants (NOT TCA's)
2) Atypical Antipsychotics
3) Environment manipulation |
|
|
Term
| What are the three goals of MS treatment? |
|
Definition
1)Modify the disease process
2)Treat acute relapse
3)Manage symptoms |
|
|
Term
| What is the pathology of MS? |
|
Definition
| chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder characterized by damage to the myelin sheath of neurons in the CNS |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common type of MS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of disease modifying drugs usedt to treat MS? |
|
Definition
1) Immunosuppresant (Mitoxantrone)
2) Immunomodulators (interferon and glatiramer) |
|
|
Term
| What MS drug may have flu-like symptoms as an adverse effect? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mitoxantrone has what three adverse effects? |
|
Definition
-Myelosuppression
-Cardiotoxicity
-Fetal harm Category D |
|
|
Term
| What drug group is used to treat the bladder dysfunction associated with MS? |
|
Definition
| Anticholinergics-Oxybutynin |
|
|
Term
| What is used to treat the neuropathic ain and depressiin associated with MS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drugs used to treat the cognitive dysfunction of MS can also be used to treat mild-moderate AD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Tx Epilepsy
-Gingival hyperplasia
-Stevens Johnsons rash
-Not for absence seizures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-DOC partial seizures
-Watch WBC levels
-Weight gain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Partial and generalized seizures
-Liver and Pancreas harm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Adjunct to partial
-PAIN CONTROL
-pregab may cause abuse |
|
|
Term
| What two vitamins are suggested to be taken for pregnant epileptics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-most seizures including MIXED
- weight loss |
|
|
Term
| What is the DOC for muscle spasms/spasticity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What medication would we use to treat spasticity specific to MS, spinal cord, and CP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What spasticity med works on the sarcoplasmic reticulum and treats malignant hyperthermia? |
|
Definition
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