Term
| What is the overall strategy for treatment strategy for depression? |
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Definition
-↑NE & ↑5HT
-Reserpine lowers them and causes depression; led to amine hypothesis |
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Term
| What are the three major classes of drugs for depression treatment and what kind of depression? Major side effects? |
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Definition
-MAO inhibitors; atypical depressions
-TCAs; major depressions (+others, see 166) (NE and 5HT reuptake is blocked)
-SSRIs; major depressions (+others, see 166)
-They can cause hypertensive crisis and serotonin syndrome (SSRIs only cause the latter) |
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Term
| What drugs interactions are we worried about causing hypertensive crisis and serotonin syndrome? What are they? |
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Definition
Hypertensive crisis; (mostly for MAO inhibitors); ↑BP, arrhythmias, excitation, & hyperthermia;
1. Releasers (tyramine, amphetamines, ephedrine)
2. Alpha-1 agonist (cold meds)
3. Levodopa
4. TCAs
5. MAOs (the only concern for TCAs)
Serotonin crisis (same for all); sweating, rigidity, myoclonus, hyperthermia, ANS instability, & seizures;
1. SSRIs
2. MOAIs
3. TCAs
4. Meperidine (metabolite is SSRI) |
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Term
| What is the other novel effect of TCAs? What drugs will TCAs negate the effects of? |
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Definition
-M and alpha blockade
-Can mean 3 Cs in toxicity (coma, convulsions, cardiotoxicity)
-Alpha-2 agonists (↓NE) and guanethidine (needs reuptake to get in) for hypertension will lose efficacy with TCAs |
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Term
| What are the general side effects of ↑5HT? What do we give with SSRIs to help? |
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Definition
-Anxiety, bruxism (grinding teeth), sexual dysfunction (anorgasmia), weight loss
-Often given with BZs to help with anxiety |
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Term
| What are the specific drugs? |
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Definition
| -See 166-7 (check "other antidepressants" also) |
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Term
| What do we use to treat bipolar disorder? Action? |
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Definition
Lithium; ↓PIP2 (↓Gq), ↓cAMP (↓Gs, Gi)
-Basically lowers all the G action
-Check 167 for rest of lithium info
-Know the four addition major drugs & major side effects |
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Term
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Definition
-Methylphenidate (amphetamine-like→ ↑NE, DA, & 5HT)
-Atomoxetine (selective NE reuptake inhibitor) |
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