Term
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Definition
opioid
Uses: Moderate to severe pain; non-productive cough
Side Effects: drowsiness; nausea; respiratory depression; constipation; orthostatic hypotension; confusion
Nursing Considerations: PO, SQ, IV,or IM
Do not take if respirations less than 12 / minute; do not use with alcohol, other cns depressants; dependency from long-term use; withdrawal --may cause nausea, vomiting, fever, anorexia |
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Term
oxycodone
(Oxycontin; Pecodan; Percocet) |
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Definition
opioids
Uses: Moderate to Severe pain
Side Effects: Drowsiness; nausea; respiratory depression; euphoria; orthostatic hypotension; constipation
Nursing Considerations: PO: peaks @ 30-60 minutes, duration 12 hours (controlled release);
do not take if respirations less than 12 / minute; Dependency from long-time use; Withdrawal results in nauseas / vomiting, anorexia |
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Term
propoxyphene
(Darvon ; Darvocet-N) |
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Definition
opioids
Indications: Treatment of mild to moderate pain
Side Effects: drowsiness; nausea; respiratory depression; constipation; orthostatic hypotension; confusion
Nursing Considerations: Low abuse potential; do not take if suicidal tendencies; avoid use with ETOH or other CNS depressants; Dependency if long-term high-dose use; Withdrawal: nausea, vomiting, fever, anorexia |
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Term
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Definition
opioid
Indications: Pain relief; maintenance or detox of narcotic addiction
Side-Effects: Drowsiness, respiratory depression; nausea; constipation; orthostatic hypotension; confusion
Nursing Considerations: PO or IM: duration = 22-48 hours; IV=peak 30 minutes, duration 4 hours; Do not take if respirations less than 12 per minute; avoid use with ETOH; Dependency with long-term use; Withdrawal: N/V, fever, anorexia |
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Term
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Definition
opioids
Indications: Relief of moderate to moderately severe pain
Side Effects: Dizziness; insomnia; headache; nervousness; tremors, uncontrollable shaking; mood swings
Nursing Considerations: Seizures; sores in mouth, nose & throat; flu-like symptoms; difficulty swallowing;; potential for withdrawal--panic & sweating |
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Term
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Definition
opioids
Indications: Moderate to severe pain; pre-operative sedation; post-operative analgesia
Side Effects: Drowsiness; respiratory depression; euphoria; orthostatic hypotension; confusion; headache
Nursing Considerations: PO, IM, SQ, or IV; do not take if respirations less than 12 / minute; do not use with ETOH or other CNS depressants; Dependency from long term use; Withdrawal: N/V, fever, anorexia |
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Term
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Definition
opioids
Indications: Relief of severe pain
Side Effects: Respiratory depression; sedation; euphoria; orthostatic hypotension
Nursing Considerations: PO, IV, IM, SQ; Do not take if respirations less than 12/ minute; Dependency with long term use; Withdrawal: nauseas, vomiting, fever, anorexia. |
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Term
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Definition
opioids
Indications: moderate to severe pain; non-productive cough
Side Effects: Drowsiness; nausea; respiratory depression; constipation; orthostatic hypotension
Nursing Considerations: PO, IM, SQ; Do not take if respirations less than 12 / minute; do not use with ETOH; Dependency with long-term use; Withdrawal: nausea, cramps, fever, anorexia |
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Term
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Definition
non-opioid
Indications: mild to moderate pain; fever; transient ischemic attacks; prophylaxis for MI, ischemic stroke, angina
Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, rash, anaphylaxis
Nursing Considerations: PO or Rectal; Long-term use=liver damage; do not use in children (except for arthritis) |
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Term
ibuprofen
( Motrin ; Advil) |
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Definition
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
non-opioid
Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis; osteoarthritis; primary dysmenorrhea; gout; dental pain; musculoskeletal disorders; fever
Side-Effects: Headache; nausea; anorexia; GI bleeding; blood dyscrasias
Nursing Considerations: Toxicity: tinnitus; Kidney damage=changes in urinary pattern; increased weight, edema, joint pain; use sumscreen; avoid use with ASA or other NSAID's, alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
non-opioid
Indications: Mild pain ; fever
Side-Effects: anemia (long-term use); Liver & kidney failure (high, prolonged doses)
Nursing Considerations: PO or Rectal; Take with food or milk to reduce gastric irritation; Chronic Poisoning, Chronic Overdose=rapid weak pulse, bleeding, malaise, fever
MAXIMUM DAILY DOSE ==4 GRAMS |
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Term
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Definition
non-opioid
Indications: Acute or chronic arthritis pain; primary dysmenorrhea
Side Effects: Increased risk of heart attack or stroke; serious skin effects; fatigue; anxiety; nausea, dry mouth
Patient Considerations: can take without regard to meals; increased dosage does not increase effectiveness; do not take if allergic to sulfa, aspirin, or NSAID's |
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Term
hydrocodone & acetaminophen
(Lortab) |
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Definition
opioid
Indications: Relief of mild to moderately severe pain
Side Effects: Dizziness; drowsiness; constipation; nausea; vomiting
Nursing Considerations: Additive effect if used with CNS depressants such as ETOH & others; habit-forming |
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