Term
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Definition
| Action:blockade of Na and Cl reabosorption->preven water reabsorbtion, water and solutes excreted |
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Term
| Look Diuretics: Furosemide (Lasix) |
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Definition
| Potent diuretic, works on ascending loop of Henle, produces diuresis and decreases blood pressure (edema, HTN) |
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Term
| Loop Diuretics drug interactions |
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Definition
| ototoxic drugs, digoxin, antihypertensive, lithium |
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Term
| early symptoms of hypokalemia |
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Definition
| anorexia, lethargy, mental confusion, nausea, muscle weakness, hypotension |
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Term
| late symptomso f hypokalemia |
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Definition
| neurophathy, paralytic ileus, secondary alkalosis, cardiac dysrhythmias |
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Term
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Definition
| rainsins (dried fruits), strawberries, watermelon, cantaloupe, oranges, beets, greens, tomatoes, muchsrroms, beans, peas,turkey, fish, beef |
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Term
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Definition
| not as effective as loop diaretics (only 10% where loop is 20%, inhibit aldosterone (save K+) |
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Term
| Potassium sparing diruetics |
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Definition
| spironolactone, blocks aldosterone receptors in collecting ducts and tubules (interphere with Na/K exchange), weak diuretics (use with thiazides) |
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Term
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Definition
| most effective, use of somotic force to pull fluid out (IV administration) for ICP and ARF, caution with hear problems (circulatory overload, bp) |
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Term
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Definition
| IV-> dilue and give slowly, NEVER RAPID PUSH = toxic arrhthmia |
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Term
| ACE Inhibitors (captoPRIL,enalaPRIL,lisinoPRIL) |
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Definition
| uses: HTN, heart failure, MI (blok renin process, decrease BP and work load) (1) prevents vasoconstriction, (2) fluid loss |
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Term
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Definition
| -inhibits ACE enzyme to convert angiotensin from I to II, inhibits kinase II (bradykinin) |
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Term
| ACE inhibitor side effects |
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Definition
| hyperkalemia, hypersensitivity, hypotension, neutropenia, cough (bradykinin), angioedema (capillary permiability) |
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Term
| Angiotensin II Antagonists (losartan, valsartan) |
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Definition
| blocks the binding of angiotensin II to receptors on vascular smooth muscles, decreased vasoconstriction and renin (vasodilation and fluid loss) |
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Term
| calcium channel bockers (verapamil, nifedipine) |
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Definition
| inhibit influx of calcium ions accross cell membranes (myocardial cells, vascular smooth muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
| calcium channel blocker, used for cardiac arrhythmias, angina, hypertension, decreases hearth work load (may cause N & C, diziness, less HR) |
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Term
|
Definition
| calcium channel blocker, primary action on vascular smooth muscle; no antiarrhythmic affects, causes lower BP and reflex tachycardia (increase HR and contractility) |
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Term
| nursing considerations for calcium channel blockers |
|
Definition
| monitor vitals (hold drug if HR <60, systolic BP < 90), prevent orthostatic hypotention, monitor for CHF |
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