Term
| Name some lifestyle changes for a person with HTN |
|
Definition
| wt loss, Na+ restriction, DASH, Alcohol and nicotine reduction, exercise, adequate K+ and Ca++ |
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|
Term
| What is hyponatremia and hypokalemia |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What does Furosemide do?
What kind of drug is it? |
|
Definition
Block readsorption of Na+ and Cl-.
High ceiling Loop diuretic |
|
|
Term
| What is Furosemide used to treat? |
|
Definition
| pulmonary edema, heart failure, HTN, edema and renal failure |
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|
Term
| Side effects of Furosemide |
|
Definition
| ototoxicity, shock, fluid and electrolyte changes |
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|
Term
| Can you use Furosemide during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which is more potent: High ceiling loop diuretics or Thiazides? |
|
Definition
| High ceiling loop diuretics |
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|
Term
What does Hydrochlorthiazide treat?
Hydrochlorthiazide is a dericative of what? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Name some Nsg interventions for a patient taking a Thiazide |
|
Definition
| Reduce salt intake, Monitor BP and pulse, get up slowly, eat OJ and bananas, teach to eat foods with K+ |
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|
Term
What does Spironolactone do?
What is it used for? |
|
Definition
Blocks aldosterone in kidneys.
HTN and edema |
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|
Term
| Side effects of Spironolactone |
|
Definition
| hyperkalemia, neuroendocrine changes |
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|
Term
| When taking Spironolactone what do you want to advoid eating? |
|
Definition
| Avoid other K+ savers and eat a salt substitute (KCL) instead of regular salt. |
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|
Term
1.) What are some used of osmotic diuretics?
2.) What can they cause? |
|
Definition
| 1.) renal failure, decrease ICP, reduce IOP. 2.) Edema |
|
|
Term
| What is the role of AngiotensionII? |
|
Definition
| vasoconstriction, release of aldosterone and remodeling of CV |
|
|
Term
| What are some uses for ACE's? |
|
Definition
| HTN, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy, prevent MI and Stroke |
|
|
Term
What kind of drug is Captopril?
diuretic, ACE, CCB or cholesterol lowering drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Side effects of Captopril? |
|
Definition
| First dose hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, renal failure and fetal injury |
|
|
Term
| What are some uses for Angiotension Receptor Blockers (ARB)? |
|
Definition
| HTN, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| angioedema, fetal harm and renal failure |
|
|
Term
| What is the prototype for the ARB's |
|
Definition
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|
Term
1.) What kind of drugs are Verapamil and nifedipine?
2.) What does each work on in the body? |
|
Definition
1.) Ca+ channel blockers (slow down HR)
2.) Verapamil: heart and VSM
Nifedipine: VSM |
|
|
Term
| Since CCB slow down the HR what can they be used to treat? |
|
Definition
| tachydysrhythmias, migraines, angina and HTN |
|
|
Term
| What would happen if you mixed CCB and BB or Digoxin? |
|
Definition
| Result in bradycardia and have similar effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| constipation, flushing, headache, dizziness, and peripheral edema |
|
|
Term
| If a patient misses a dose of Nifedipine what do you need to watch for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the #1 nsg intervention when a patient is taking Digoxin? |
|
Definition
| Monitor pulse, hold med if HR <60 and teach pt. the same. |
|
|
Term
| What is the therapeutic range of Digoxin? |
|
Definition
| 0.5 to 1.1 ng/ml for maintance |
|
|
Term
| What are some side effects of Digoxin? |
|
Definition
| N/V, malaise, visual disturbances and anorexia |
|
|
Term
What kind of drugs are the statins?
What do they do? |
|
Definition
| Cholesterol lowering agents, Reduce LDL and raise HDL |
|
|
Term
Side effects of Statins?
Can be used in pregnancy? |
|
Definition
Hepatotoxicty and myopathy
PG: NO! |
|
|
Term
1.) What type of drug is Nicotinic Acid?
2.) What does it do? |
|
Definition
1.) Cholesterol lowering agent
2.) Reduces LDL(5-25%) and Triglycerides (20-50%), increases HDL (BEST) (15-35%) |
|
|
Term
| Side effects of Nicotinic Acid (3) |
|
Definition
| itching, gi upset, hepatotoxicity |
|
|
Term
| What do bile acid sequestrants do? |
|
Definition
Act as Pacman and block absorption,
Lowers LDL (20%) |
|
|
Term
| What are some side effects of Bile acid sequestrants? (3) |
|
Definition
| constipation, bloating and foul farting |
|
|
Term
Main use of Nitroglycerin is?
What are some side effects? |
|
Definition
Angina///
SE: headache, hypotension, and reflex tachycardia |
|
|
Term
| What will happen if you mix NTG with Viagra together? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What do these mean?
anticoagulant
thrombolytics
antiplatelet |
|
Definition
1.) blocks clotting
2.) dissolves clot
3.) blocks platelet aggregation |
|
|
Term
| What do you use if someone is toxic with Heparin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why can Heprain be used during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| does not cross the BBB or placenta |
|
|
Term
What is the antidote for Warfarin?
Can it be used during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is lipid soluble and which is not: Heparin or Warfarin? |
|
Definition
| Warfarin is lipid soluble Cannot be given during pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| What are some side effects for Fibrates? |
|
Definition
| gallstones, myopathy, and liver injury |
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