Term
| Inability to maintain penile erection for the successful performance of sexual activity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| organic & psychogenic causes, including sequelae to prostatic surgery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Erectile dysfunction previous therapies |
|
Definition
penile implants
intrapenile injections of alprostadil |
|
|
Term
| Phosphodiesterase Type 5 (PDE5) Inhibitors |
|
Definition
Sildenafil (viagra) first
Vardenafil (levitra) viagra me too
tadalafil (cialis) longest acting |
|
|
Term
| Physiologic mechanism of erection involves release of ____ in the corpus cavernosum during sexual stimulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Once enzyme guanylate cyclase is activated, it results in increased levels of... |
|
Definition
| cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cMP) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| smooth muscle relaxation & inflow of blood to corpus cavernosum |
|
|
Term
| Parasympathetic muscarinic receptors activation results in.. (erection) |
|
Definition
| synthesis and release of NO from endothelial cells of blood vessels |
|
|
Term
| PDE5 inhibitors enhance the effect of NO by... |
|
Definition
inhibiting phosphodiesterase type 5 which is responsible for degradation of cGMP
|
|
|
Term
| how many PDE isoenzymes are there |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do not directly cause penile erections, but affects the response to sexual stimulation, no effect in absense of sexual stimulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Other therapeutic uses for PDE 5 inhibitors besides erection |
|
Definition
pulmonary hypertension
benign prostatic hyperplasia |
|
|
Term
| which PDE 5 inhibitors work for pulmonary hypertension |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which PDE 5 inhibitor can be used for BPH |
|
Definition
tadalafil
all three are effective but only tadalafil FDA approved |
|
|
Term
| Sil/Var should be taken PO, how long prior to anticipated sexual activity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Benefits of PDE 5 inhibitors are observed for up to... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the duration of Tad? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PDE 5 inhibitors are rapidly absorbed by... |
|
Definition
CYP3A4
eliminated in bile |
|
|
Term
Severe renal impairment, liver cirrhosis & older than 65
Decrease elimination |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drugs are contraindicated with nitrates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cation with alpha blockers with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cation if anatomical deformation of penis with... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PDE5 isozyme is found in... |
|
Definition
| vascular smooth muscle & platelets |
|
|
Term
| Adverse effects of PDE5 inhibitors |
|
Definition
headache, flushing, dyspepsia, nasal congestions
mild decrased BP
cation with CVD (inherent risk of sex)
visual |
|
|
Term
| what are the visual adverse effects of PDE5 inhibitors |
|
Definition
| loss of blue/green discrimination (PDE6) |
|
|
Term
| Rare adverse effects of PDE5 inhibitors |
|
Definition
rare eye condition, nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropahty (NAION) has been associated PDE5 inhibitor use- CONTRAINDICATION
acute hearing los, sometimes accompanied by tinnitus & dizziness |
|
|
Term
| any disease process that results in reduction in the mass of bone per unit volume |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Skeletal fragility with frequent bone fractures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Major cause of disability among the elderly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| occurs predominantly in postmenopausal women, but also elderly of both sexes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nondrug strategies for osteoporosis |
|
Definition
diet with adequate Ca and Vit. D (not supplements)
weight-bearing exercise
cessation of smoking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Alendronate
Ibandronate
Risedronate
Zoledronic acid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decreased osteoclastic bone reabsorption |
|
|
Term
| Bisphosphonate disorders of.... |
|
Definition
bone remodeling such as osteoporosis, Pagets disease
metastatic bone cancers |
|
|
Term
| Should be administered with 6-8 ounces of water at least 30 minutes to one hour (upright) before eating breakfast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug has less than 1% absorbed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do not give if severe renal impairment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Long terms of biphosphonates |
|
Definition
| unusual femur fractures, esophageal cancer, osteonecrosis of the jaw |
|
|
Term
| The first non-bisphosphonate anti-resorptive-blocks osteoclast activation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fully human monoclonal antibody |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Route of administration of denosumab |
|
Definition
| injected subq once every 6 months |
|
|
Term
| Denosumab has increased risks of... |
|
Definition
infection
secondary malignancies
hypocalcemia
dermatological rxns |
|
|
Term
| May be an effective alternative for high-risk patients who have not responded to bisphosphonates or cannot tolerate them |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Other therapies for osteoporosis |
|
Definition
HRT
Raloxifene
Calcitonin
Calcium
Teriparatide |
|
|
Term
| Hormone replacement therapy |
|
Definition
estrogen replacement if no uterus
estrogen & progesterone if have uterus (caution) |
|
|
Term
| Raloxifene (therapy for osteoporosis) |
|
Definition
| SERM- selective estrogen receptor modulator |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
intranasal spray
inhibits bone reabsorption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the institute of medicine recommends 1,200 mg/d in postmenopausal women (+ vitamin D) |
|
|
Term
| teriparatide (osteoporosis) |
|
Definition
the 1-34 sequence of parathyroid hormone
increases bone formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
phentermine (fastin)
lorcaserin hydrochloride
therapeutic claim (antiobesity, activate 5-HT2D) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Presence of excess body fat
difficult to measure directly
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
body mass index
weight in kg/ (height in meters)2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class III extreme obesity BMI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increased release of dopamine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
interfers in the reuptake of serotonin, dopamine & NE into the presynaptic nerve terminal thereby increasing their brain levels
direct stimulation of the satiety center in the hypothalmic & limbic regions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
controlled schedule IV agents
increase HR and BP
dry mouth, headache, insomnia, conspipation
rarely pulm. hypertension |
|
|
Term
| Indications & uses for phentermine |
|
Definition
BMI greater than or equal to 30
BMI greater than or equal to 27 in presence of other factors (HTN, DM, dyslipidemia) in conjunction with a reduced calorie diet |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications of phentermine |
|
Definition
glaucoma
Hx of drug abuse
cardiovascular disease
moderate-severe hypertension
advanced arteriosclerosis
agitated states
within 14 days of MAOI administration
anorexia nervosa |
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