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Pharmacology Vocabulary Ch 26
Pharmacology Vocabulary Ch 26
20
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 2
03/01/2016

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Term
Pain threshold
Definition
Reflects the level of stimulus needed to create a painful sensation
Term
Analgesics
Definition
Prescribed for the relief of pain
Term
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Definition
A class of analgesic medication that reduces pain, fever and inflammation. Since most episodes of back pain involve inflammation, NSAIDs such as ibuprofen and naproxen are often an effective treatment option.
Term
Nociceptors
Definition
Sensory pain receptors
Term
Neuropathic pain
Definition
An unusual sensor disturbance often involving neural supersensitivity. This pain is due to injury or disease of the peripheral or central nervous system.
Term
Endorphins
Definition
Neurotransmitters that naturally suppress pain conduction.
Term
Opioid analgesics
Definition
Prescribed for moderate to severe pain
Term
Addiction
Definition
A psychological and physical dependence upon a substance beyond normal voluntary control, usually after prolonged use of the substance.
Term
Orthostatic hypotension
Definition
A decrease in blood pressure due to a change in position (i.e. from sitting to standing)
Term
Withdrawal syndrome
Definition
Caused by physical dependence. Include irritability, diaphoresis, restlessness, muscle twitching, and increase in pulse rate and blood pressure.
Term
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)
Definition
An alternative route for opioid administration for self-administered pain relief as needed.
Term
Mild pain
Definition
Nonopioids with or without adjuvant medication
Term
Moderate pain
Definition
Nonopioids and mild opioid with or without adjuvant medication
Term
Severe pain
Definition
Stronger opioid at higher dosage leves with or without adjuvant medication
Term
Adjuvant analgesics
Definition
Drugs with a primary indication other than pain that have analgesic properties in some painful conditions.
Term
Opioid agonists-antagonists
Definition
Medications in which an opioid antagonist (e.g., naloxone [Narcan]) is added to an opioid agonist.
Term
Opioid antagonist
Definition
Blocks the receptor and displaces an opioid that would normally be at the receptor, inhibiting the opioid action.
Term
Cluster headaches
Definition
Characterized by a severe unilateral non-throbbing pain usually located around the eye.
Term
Drug class: analgesic
Therapeutic effects/uses: decrease pain and fever
Side effects: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, rash, insomnia
Adverse reactions: elevated liver enzymes
Definition
Prototype drug: Acetaminophen
Drug class:
Therapeutic effects/uses:
Side effects:
Adverse reactions:
Term
Drug class: opioid
Therapeutic effects/uses: severe pain relief
Side effects: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, drowsiness, dizziness, sedation, confusion, urinary retention, rash, blurred vision, bradycardia, flushing, euphoria
Adverse reactions: Hypotension, seizures, respiratory depression
Definition
Prototype drug: Morphine Sulfate
Drug class:
Therapeutic effects/uses:
Side effects:
Adverse reactions:
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