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Pharmacology Vocabulary Ch 25
Pharmacology Vocabulary Ch 25
17
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 2
03/01/2016

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Term
Inflammation
Definition
A response to tissue injury and infection
Term
Infection
Definition
Caused by microorganisms and results in inflammation, but not all inflammations are caused by this
Term
Prostaglandins
Definition
Chemical mediators which have many effects: vasodilation, relaxation of smooth muscle, increased capillary permeability, and sensitization of nerve cells to pain
Term
Cyclooxygenase (COX)
Definition
The enzyme responsible for converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandins and their products
Term
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Definition
A class of analgesic medication that reduces pain, fever and inflammation. Since most episodes of back pain involve inflammation, NSAIDs such as ibuprofen and naproxen are often an effective treatment option.
Term
COX-2 inhibitors
Definition
Block only COX-2. These drugs leave protection for the stomach lining intact, but still deliver relief for pain and inflammation.
Term
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
Definition
Include immunosuppressive agents, immunodulators, and antimalarials. These help alleviate the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis for the 2 million people in the US affected by the disorder.
Term
Immunosuppressives
Definition
Used to treat refractory rheumatoid arthritis (arthritis that does not respond to anti-inflammatory drugs).
Term
Immunodulators
Definition
Treat moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis by disrupting the inflammatory process and delaying disease progression.
Term
Gout
Definition
An inflammatory condition that attacks joints, tendons, and other tissues.
Term
Uricosurics
Definition
Increase the rate of uric acid excretion by inhibiting its reabsorption.
Term
Drug class: analgesic: anti-inflammatory drug
Therapeutic effects/uses: Reduce pain and inflammatory symptoms, decrease body temperature, inhibit platelet aggregation
Side effects: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, confusion, hearing loss, heartburn, rash, abdominal pain, drowsiness
Adverse reactions: Tinnitis, urticarial, ulceration, GI bleeding
Definition
Prototype Drug: Aspirin
Drug class:
Therapeutic effects/uses:
Side effects:
Adverse reactions:
Term
Drug class: NSAID, propionic acid derivative
Therapeutic effects/uses: reduce inflammatory process, relieve pain, anti-inflammatory effect for arthritic conditions, reduce fever
Side effects: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, edema, rash, purpura, tinnitus, fatigue, dizziness, lightheadedness, anxiety, confusion, fluid retention
Adverse reactions: GI bleeding
Definition
Prototype Drug: Ibuprofen
Drug class:
Therapeutic effects/uses:
Side effects:
Adverse reactions:
Term
Drug class: NSAID Cox-2 inhibitor
Trade name: Celebrex
Therapeutic effects/uses: treat osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, to relieve dysmenorrhea
Side effects: headache, dizziness, sinusitis, nausea, flatulence, diarrhea, rash
Adverse reactions: peripheral edema
Definition
Prototype drug: Celecoxib
Drug class:
Trade name:
Therapeutic effects/uses:
Side effects:
Adverse reactions:
Term
Drug class: uric acid biosynthesis inhibitor
Trade name: Zyloprim, Aloprim, Apo-Allopurinol
Therapeutic effects/uses: treat gout and hyperuricemia, prevent urate calculi
Side effects: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, dizziness, headache, rash, edema, erectile dysfunction
Adverse reactions: Cataracts, retinopathy, bradycardia, depression
Definition
Prototype drug: Allopurinol
Drug class:
Trade name:
Therapeutic effects/uses:
Side effects:
Adverse reactions:
Term
Erythema
Edema
Heat
Pain
Loss of function
Definition
Signs of inflamation
Term
COX-2
Definition
Triggers pain and inflammation
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