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Pharmacology Test 2 cont
Pharmacology Test 2 cont
13
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 1
02/02/2010

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

Amphetamines

Amphetamine (Adderall)

Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)

Methamphetamine (Desoxyn)

Definition

 

*high potential for abuse

Action: stimulates release of norepinephrine & dopamine

Uses: increase wakefulness in narcolepsy, increase attention span, decrease hyperactivity

Side Effects: tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), palpitations, hypertension

Term

 

Amphetamine-Like Drugs

ADHD: Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Narcolepsy: Modafinil (Provigil)

Pemoline (Cylert)

 

 

Definition

 

*Not good with caffeine

Actions: acts on cerebral cortex, reticular activity system

Uses: ADHD, fatique, narcolepsy

Interactions: caffine may increase effects

Sife Effects: tachycardia, palipitations, dizziness, hypertension, increased hyperactivity

Term

 

Analeptics (Respiratory Distress)

Caffeine

Theophylline

NoDoz

Definition

 

Uses: stimulate respiration, especially in newborns; overdose, COPD, respiratory distress

Side Effects: tachycardia, hypertension, restlessness, tremors

Term

 

 

Anorexiants

Dextroamphetamine (Dexadrine)

Definition

 

 

Action: supresses appetite

Uses: obesity

Side effects: hypertension, tachycardia, trembling

* not designed for long-term, only about 12 to 14 weeks

 

Term

 

Respiratory CNS Stimulants

Doxapram (Dopram)

Definition

 

Uses: respiratory depression

Onset of Action: 20-40 seconds, peak within 2 minutes

Side Effects: hypertension, tachycardia, trembling

Term
Migraine and Cluster Headaches
Definition

 

Caused by inflammation and dilation of cranial arteries

Prevention:

Beta-adrenergic blockers: Propranoil (Inderal)

Anticonvulsants: Valproic acid (Depakote), Gabapentin (Neurontin)

Tricyclic antidepressants: Amitriptyline (Elavil)

Term
Migraine & Cluster Headaches
Definition

 

Analgesics: Apsirin, acetaminophen (Tylenol), NSAIDS: Ibuprofen, naproxen (Aleve)

Selective serotonin receptor agonists: (Triptans:)

Sumatriptan (Imitrex), Zolmitriptan (Zomig)

(Causes vasoconstriction of arteries)

Term
Sumatriptan
Definition

 

Action: causes vasoconstriction of arteries

Use: treat migraine & cluster headaches

Side Effects: warm sensation, dizziness, tingling

Term
Sedative Hypnotics (mildest form of CNS depression) Take too many, develop a drug dependence to these drugs.
Definition

Barbiturates

Benzodiazepines

Nonbenzodiazepines

Piperidinediones

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

 

General Side Effects: Residual drowsiness (hangover), drug dependence, drug tolerance, excessive depression, respiratory depression, withdrawal sypmtoms

Term
Barbiturates - 4 types
Definition

1)Ultrashort-acting: used as a general anesthetic

(e.g. thiopental sodium (Pentothal))

2) Short-acting: Induce sleep, no residual drowsiness

(e.g. pentobarbital (Nembutal), secobarbital (Seconal)

3) Intermediate-acting: Induce & sustain sleep, residual drowsiness (hangover), used in hospital setting

(e.g. amobarbital (Amytal), butabarbital (Butisol)

4) Long-acting: used to control seizures

(e.g. phenobarbital)

Term
Barbiturates: Secobarbital
Definition

Action: depression of CNS

Use: short-acting to treat insomnia

Side Effect: hangover, sizziness, laryngospasm

Interactions: decreased respirations with alcohol, CNS depressants and MAOIs

Term

Benzodiazepines (as hypnotics)

Temazepam (Restoril)

Definition

Action: Interacts with neurotransmitters

Uses: reduce anxiety, treat insomnia

Term

Nonbenzodiazepines (as hypnotics)

Zolpidem (Ambien)

Eszopiclone (Lunesta)

Definition

Action: neurotransmitter inhibition

Use: treat short-term insomnia

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