Term
| 4 ways to cause vasodilation |
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Definition
Increase cGMP
Dephosphorylation of myosin light chains
(nitrates, PDE5 inhibitors)
Decrease intracellular Ca2+
Decrease Ca which facilitates myosin light chain kinase
(calcium channel blockers)
Stabilize/prevent depolarization of smooth muscle cell (K+ channel agonists)
Increase K+ efflux, hyperpolarize
(K+ channel agonists)
Increase cAMP
(β2 agonists) |
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Term
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Definition
class - dhp calcium channel blocker
MOA - inhibit L-type Ca channels (bind during depolarization)
where: peripheral vessels
*dilates blood vessels (arteries > veins)
Decreases: peripheral resistance, BP
AE - reflex tachycardia, gingival hyperplasia
NOTE - only used as extended release formulations |
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Term
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Definition
class - nondhp calcium channel blocker
MOA - inhibit L-type Ca channels
where: cardiac tissue
Decreases: SA/AV node activity, contractility, BP
AE - bradycardia, heart block, constipation |
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Term
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Definition
class - organic nitrate
MOA - NO -> guanylyl cyclase -> INCREASE cGMP -> dephosphorylate myosin light chains
where: peripheral vessels, GI, bronchi
*dilates blood vessels (veins > arteries)
Increases: cGMP
Decreases: peripheral resistance, BP, venous return (bc pooling of blood)
AE - orhtostatic HTN, tolerance |
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Term
minoxidil
(Lotinen)(Rogaine) |
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Definition
class - K+ channel agonist
MOA - activate K+ channels in blood vessels causing hyperpolarization (K+ moves out of cells) making it harder for the cells to depolarize and contract
where: peripheral vessels
*dilates blood vessels (arteries > veins)
Decreases: peripheral resistance
Tx - hair growth
AE - T wave changes on an ECG, hypertrichosis (hair) |
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Term
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Definition
class - phosphodiesterase(5) inhibitor
MOA - inhibits PDE5
where: corpus cavernosum, rods/cones, lungs
Increases: cGMP
Decreases: BP
Tx - ED, pulmonary HTN
AE - blue/green discrimination, nasal congestion |
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