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Details

Pharmacology slides; spring term (first year)
Diuretics
26
Nursing
Not Applicable
04/12/2010

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Filtration
Definition
non-selective process
Term
Re-absorption
Definition

key factor with diuretics

What is reabsorbed and where is it re-absorbed?

Term
Active secretion
Definition

"pumps"

organic acids and organic bases

Term
sodium lost at the PCT
Definition
60-65%
Term
Na+ lost at the ascending limb of the loop of henle
Definition
20 %
Term
Na+ lost at the DCT (early segment)
Definition
10%
Term
Na+ lost at the DCT (late segment)
Definition
5%
Term
the faster the diuresis
Definition
the more complications arise
Term
diuretics that work at the PCT
Definition

manitol osmotic diuretic

carbonic anyhydrase inhibitor

used for: mountain climbers - high altitude - swelling of the brain

Term
diuretics that work at the ascending limb of loop of henle
Definition
Loop diuretics (furosemide)
Term
diuretics that work at the early segment of the DCT
Definition
thiazides (hydrochlorothiazide)
Term
diuretics that work at the late segment of the DCT
Definition

Potasium sparing diuretics/aldosterone antagonist

(spironolactone, aldactone)

Term
diuretics work to...
Definition
counter/alter normal renal Fx
Term
Furosemide (lasix) uses
Definition

primarily used for HTN that doesn't respond to other drugs

commonly used for pulmonary and generalized edema

used with heart, kidney and liver failure ( only diurectic that works even with kidney failure)

 

Term
furosemide (lasix) action
Definition

keeps sodium in lumen of tubule

last around six hours

PO: diuresis w/in 60 min

IV: diuresis within 5-10 min

Term
furosemide side effects
Definition

Fluid volume deficit (hypotension)

arterio/venous dilation

inc. resistance over time

ototoxicity (problem with large IV dosing)

hypokalemia

hyponatremia (as well as all other electrolytes)

leg cramps

Term
furosmide drug interactions
Definition

Digoxin (potentiates toxicity due to low K+ levels)

aminoglycosides (also produce ototoxicity)

cephalosporins (compete in gut with lasix for transfer into body, Tx inc. lasix)

NSAIDS (dec. effectiveness of lasix, Tx change pain med)

 

Term
fursosemide cautions
Definition

take in morning

leg cramps are not RLS

K+ supplement

watch BP

hyponatremia

drug interactions

Term
furosemide misc SE
Definition

hyperglycemia

inc. LDL and HDL (watch lipid profile)

inc. uric acid (gouty attacks)

Term
HCTZ uses
Definition

initial HTN Tx (mild - moderate)

Vasodilation (diuretic effect dwindles but this stays)

Ca++ spilling in urine (helps reabsorb higher rates of calcium)

slows osteoporotic process

Term
HCTZ ADR
Definition

digoxin

NSAIDS

Term
HCTZ cautions
Definition

FVD

Hypokalemia (not as severe as lasix)

all electrolyte deficit (except Ca++)

inc. CBG's

lipid changes

ototoxicity

hypercalcemia

Term
spironolactone uses
Definition

HF, MI (aldosterone antagonist properties)

used with lasix?

 

Term
spironolactone cautions
Definition

monitor serum and sodium levels

no K+ salts or substitutes

Term
Spironolactone SE
Definition

steroid structure (inc. testosterone like effect)

profound hyperkalemia

 

Term
Spironolactone ADR
Definition
ACE inhibitors (lisinopril): inc. K+ retention
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