Term
| Typical Antipsychotics (1st generation) options |
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Definition
Neuroleptics ("-azine"):
Haloperidol
Trifluoperazine
fluphenazine
thioridazine (low potency)
chlorpromazine (low potency)
High potency have neurologic sx
Low potency has less neurologic sx |
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Term
| Atypical Antipsychotics (2nd generation) |
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Definition
Olanzapine
Clozapine
Quietiapine
Risperidone
Aripiprazole
ziprasidone
"It's Atypical to risper quietly to old clozets from A to Z"
MOA: blocks 5HT, alph, H1, and DA receptors
Have fewer EPS than typical antipsychotics
Olanzapine used for OCD, anxiety, tourettes
Olanzapine/Clozapine have more metabolic side effects |
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Term
| Treatment options for bipolar disorders |
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Definition
Lithium
Valproic acid
Carbemazepine
Atypical Antipsychotics |
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Term
| Side effects of lithium toxicity |
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Definition
Teratogenic (Ebstein's anomaly)
Heart block
Hypothyroidism
Polyuria (lithium blocks ADH, causes nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus) |
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Term
| Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors |
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Definition
SSRIs:
Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Sertaline
Citalopram
Inhibit the reuptake of 5HT, stays in the synpase longer.
Used in depression, OCD, anxiety disorders, PTSD.
Take some time to take in ~2-3 weeks
Side effects:
Much less toxic than the TCA
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION (loss of libido)
Serotonin syndrome (never give SSRI with a MAOI): potentially fatal with restlessness, altered mental status, hyperflexia, diaphoresis and tremors. Increased heartrate and hypertension. |
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Term
| All drug classes that increase serotonin. Causing serotonin syndrome |
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Definition
SSRIs
SNRIs
MAOIs
St. John's Wort
Kava Kava
Sibutramine
L-tryptophan
Cocaine
Amphetamines
Serotonin Syndrome: potentially fatal with restlessness, altered mental status, hyperflexia, diaphoresis and tremors. Increased heartrate and hypertension. |
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Term
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Definition
Venlafaxine
Duloxetine
Serotonin Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors.
Used for generalized anxiety disorders and depression.
Duloxetine is also indicated for diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Toxicity:
Increased blood pressure
Sedation
Nausea |
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Term
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Definition
Imipramine
Desipramine
Clomipramine
Amitriptyline
Nortriptyline
Block reuptake of 5HT and Norepinephrine
Used for depression, bedwetting, OCD, fibromyalgia
Cause anti-cholinergic symptoms because these are older drugs
All drugs lower seizure threshold
Toxicity (3 C's):
Convulsions, Coma, Cardiotoxicity
Respiratory depression, and confusion/dilerium in elderly |
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Term
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Definition
Phenelzine
Tranylcypromine
Isocarboxazid
Selegiline
Inhibits MAO, which increases levels of amine neurotransmitters
Used for Atypical depression
Toxicity:
Hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion (with aged foods) |
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Term
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Definition
Bupropion - commonly used for smoking cessation, and for depression too. Increases NE and dopamine. NO SEXUAL SIDE EFFECTS
Mirtazapine - Alpha2 antagonist (increased NE and serotonin by blocking the inhibition of NE)
Toxicity: sedation and appetite, weight gain, dry mouth
Trazodone:
Inhibits serotonin reuptake. Used for insomnia and fibromyalgia.
Toxicity: priapisn -painful penile erection ("trazaBone")
Bupropion or trazodone are great drugs to add on to ssri's |
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Term
| Used for generalized anxiety disorder. Does NOT cause sedation, addiction or tolerance. |
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Definition
Buspirone (buspar)
Stimulates 5HT1a receptors |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Haloperidol |
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Definition
Typical antipsychotic
MOA: blocks dopamine D2
High potency
ExtraSHOWNS
Tardive Dyskinesia |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Trifluoperazine |
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Definition
Typical antipsychotic
MOA: blocks dopamine D2
High potency
Side effects: ExtraSHOWNS
Tardive Dyskinesia |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Fluphenazine |
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Definition
Typical antipsychotic
MOA: blocks dopamine D2
High potency
Side effects: ExtraSHOWNS
Tardive Dyskinesia |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Thioridazine |
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Definition
Typical antipsychotic
MOA: blocks dopamine D2
Low potency
Side effects: ExtraSHOWNS
Tardive Dyskinesia |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Chlorpromazine |
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Definition
Typical antipsychotic
MOA: blocks dopamine D2
Low potency
Side effects: ExtraSHOWNS
Tardive Dyskinesia |
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Term
| Describe the side effects of Typical Antipsychotics |
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Definition
ExtraSHOWNS
Extra pyramidal symptoms
Sedation
Hyperprolactinemia
Orthostatic hypotention
Weight gain
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Sexual dysfunction
Tardive Dyskinesia |
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Term
| Major Side effect of taking Clozapine |
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Definition
Atypical antipsychotic
Causes agranulocytosis (no granulocytes like PMN, NKs, eosinophils)
Requires weekly WBC monitoring |
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Term
| Treatment for tourrette's syndrome |
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Definition
Typical antipsychotic:
Haloperidol
Atypical antipsychotic:
Olanzapine |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Imipramine |
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Definition
Tricyclic Antidepressant
Blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin at nerve terminal
Side effects: SOSAC
Can induce confusion and hallucination in elderly due to anticholinergic side effects |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Amitriptyline |
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Definition
Tricyclic Antidepressant
Blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin at nerve terminal
Side effects: SOSAC
Can induce confusion and hallucination in elderly due to anticholinergic side effects |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Desipramine |
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Definition
Tricyclic Antidepressant
Blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin at nerve terminal
Side effects: SOSAC
Can induce confusion and hallucination in elderly due to anticholinergic side effects |
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Term
What class is this drug:
nortriptyline |
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Definition
Tricyclic Antidepressant
Blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin at nerve terminal
Side effects: SOSAC
Can induce confusion and hallucination in elderly due to anticholinergic side effects |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Clomipramine |
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Definition
Tricyclic Antidepressant
Blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin at nerve terminal
Side effects: SOSAC
Can induce confusion and hallucination in elderly due to anticholinergic side effects |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Doxepin
Amoxapine |
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Definition
Tricyclic Antidepressant
Blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin at nerve terminal
Side effects: SOSAC
Can induce confusion and hallucination in elderly due to anticholinergic side effects |
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Term
| Describe the side effects of Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) |
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Definition
Side effects: SOSAC
Sedation
Orthostatic hypotension
Serotonin syndrome (tremors, AMS, diaphoresis)
Anticholinergic effects (atropine like)
Cardiotoxicity (arrythmias) |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Fluoxetine (prozac) |
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Definition
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
MOA: serotonin specific reuptake inhibition
Normally takes 2-3 weeks for antidepressants to have an effect
Side effects: fewer than TCAs
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION (anorgasmia)
SEROTONIN SYNDROME with any drug that increases serotonin |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Paroxetine (paxil) |
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Definition
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
MOA: serotonin specific reuptake inhibition
Normally takes 2-3 weeks for antidepressants to have an effect
Side effects: fewer than TCAs
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION (anorgasmia)
SEROTONIN SYNDROME with any drug that increases serotonin |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Sertraline (zoloft) |
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Definition
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
MOA: serotonin specific reuptake inhibition
Normally takes 2-3 weeks for antidepressants to have an effect
Side effects: fewer than TCAs
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION (anorgasmia)
SEROTONIN SYNDROME with any drug that increases serotonin |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Citalopram (Celexa) |
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Definition
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
MOA: serotonin specific reuptake inhibition
Normally takes 2-3 weeks for antidepressants to have an effect
Side effects: fewer than TCAs
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION (anorgasmia)
SEROTONIN SYNDROME with any drug that increases serotonin |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Escitalopram (Lexapro) |
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Definition
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
MOA: serotonin specific reuptake inhibition
Normally takes 2-3 weeks for antidepressants to have an effect
Side effects: fewer than TCAs
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION (anorgasmia)
SEROTONIN SYNDROME with any drug that increases serotonin |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Venlafaxine |
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Definition
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor
MOA: Inhibits both 5HT and NE reuptake
Side effects:
Most commonly hypertension, stimulant effects |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Duloxetine |
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Definition
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor
MOA: Inhibits both 5HT and NE reuptake
Side effects:
Most commonly hypertension, stimulant effects |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Phenelzine |
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Definition
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI)
MOA: inhibits MOA, increasing amine neutrotransmitters
Side effects:
Hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion (a natural monoamine) and B-agonists. Contraindicated with SSRI or meperidine to prevent serotonin syndrome |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Tranylcypromine |
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Definition
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI)
MOA: inhibits MOA, increasing amine neutrotransmitters
Side effects:
Hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion (a natural monoamine) and B-agonists. Contraindicated with SSRI or meperidine to prevent serotonin syndrome |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Isocarboxazid |
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Definition
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI)
MOA: inhibits MOA, increasing amine neutrotransmitters
Side effects:
Hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion (a natural monoamine) and B-agonists. Contraindicated with SSRI or meperidine to prevent serotonin syndrome |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Selegiline |
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Definition
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI)
(Selective MAO-B inhibitor for parkinsons too)
MOA: inhibits MOA, increasing amine neutrotransmitters
Side effects:
Hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion (a natural monoamine) and B-agonists. Contraindicated with SSRI or meperidine to prevent serotonin syndrome |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Buproprion (wellbutrin) |
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Definition
Atypical Antidepressant
Also used for smoking cessation
NO SEXUAL SIDE EFFECTS |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Mirtazapine |
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Definition
Atypical antidepressant
MOA: Alpha2 antagonist
Toxicity: sedation, increased APPETITE, weight gain, dry mouth |
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Term
What class is this drug:
Trazodone |
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Definition
Atypical Antidepressant
Primarily inhibits serotonin reuptake like SSRIs
Used for INSOMNIA
Toxicity: Sedation,PRIAPISM (unrelenting boner) |
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