Abbrevations to use this card set:

• Ind - indications
• SE - side effects
• Contra' - contraindications
• MOA - mechicnism of action
• DOA - duration of affect
• SC - special considerations

• Resp - respiratory
• Dep - depression
• CO - carbon monoxide
• CO2 - carbon dioxide
• RSI - rapid sequence intubation

O2 is a naturally occuring atmospheric gas

IND - Hypoxemia, Ischemic chest pain, respiratory insufficancy, prophylactic, CO poisoning, ↓ O2, ↓ level of conciousness

DOSE - Cardiac arrect, CO poisoning - 100%, Hypoxia - 10 to 15 lpm via NRB, COPD - 2lpm via NC, 28 to 35% venturi

CONTR' - COPD not past 35%, Hyperventilating

SE - COPD w/↓ LOC & ↓ respiratory drive, dry mucous membranes

MOA - Reverse Hypoxemia

DOA - O: Immediate P: n/a D: Less than 2 minutes

ETOMIDATE

(AMIDATE)

AIRWAY

*Nonbarbituate hypnotic anesthesia agent

IND - premedication for tracheal intubation or cardiaversion (restore ♥ rythm)

DOSE - Adult 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV over 30 to 60 sec: typical dose 20mg Pediatric 0.2 -0.4 mg/kg IV/IO over 30 to 60 sec. for RSI over 10 yrs, 1 dose max 20mg

HOW: 2mg/mL vials

SE - apnea, resp ↓, hypo/hyper ventilation, dysrythmias, nausea, vomiting, pain @ injection site, muscle ticks

CONTRA' - Hypersensitivity, labor and delivery

MOA - short acting hypnotic acts on alertness, affects (RAS) and cerebral cortex

DOA - O: <1 min P: 1 min D: 5 to 10 min

SUCCINYCHOLINE CHLORIDE

(ANECTINE)

AIRWAY

*Neuromusclar blocker, depolaring skeletal muscular relaxant

IND - RSI - rapid sequence intubation

DOSE - ADULT 1-1.5 mg/kg RIVP repeat 1x if needed, PED- 1-1.5 mg/kg RIVP/IO repeat 1x if needed - max 2mg/kg

HOW: 20 mg/mL vials

CONTRA' - acute narrow angle glaucoma, penetrating eye injury, malignant hyperthermia, acute injury post MST, major burns, extensive muscle injury, inability to control airway/support ventilations w/O2 & positive pressure

SE - apnea resp ↓, dysrythmas, cardiac arrest, salivation, muscle rigidity, rhabdomyolysis, malignant hypothermia, interoccular pressure, hyperkalemia

DI:Oxycontin, beta blockers, and organophosphates may potentiate effects. Diazapam may reduce DOA

MOA - ultrashort depolerizing skeletal muscle relaxant that mimics ACh as it binds w/cholinergic receptors, Phase 1 by fasciculations (muscle ticks)

DOA: O: 1 min P:1-3 min D:5-10 min

SC - Class C:preganancy, Consider and for peds premedicate w/atropine. w/lidocaine to stop intercranial pressure w/intubation, for concious pt's - premedicate w/etomidate, diazepam, midazolam

VERCRONIUM BROMIDE

(NORCURON)

AIRWAY

* Neuromuscular blocker, nondepolarizing

IND: RSI

DOSE: adult 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV maint. dose 45:60 min .08-1.2 mg/kg IV push, peds - 0.1-0.3 mg/kg IV/IO maint. dose 20:35 minutes 0.01-0.05 mg/kg IV/IO push

HOW:10-20 mg powder to be reconstituted

CONTRA' - acute narrow angle glaucoma, penetrating eye injuries, inability to support airway or support ventilations w/O2 or pp, new borns, myasthenia gravis, (involuntary muscles), hepatic or renal failure

SE: weakness, prolonged neuromuscular block, bronchospasm, apnea, dysrythmias, brady/tachycardia, premature ventricula contraction (PVC), transient hypotension, cardiac arrest, excessive salvation

DI:Use of inhalation anesthetics will enhance neuromuscular blockade

MOA: Neuromuscular agent w/intermediate DOA that competes w/ACh for receptors at the motor end plate, resulting in a neuromuscular blockade

DOA: O:1-3 min P: varies D: 45-90 min

SC: class c pregnancy, sedate 1st, intubation & ventilation support, doesnt effect consciousness/pain, doesnt stop seizures, pulse/cardiac output ↓, use ↓ doses in cases of renal failure

Antihyperlipidemics

(Lipid Lowering)

Common Indications/Purposes (CI/P): decreased blood cholesterol, sequester cholesterol chemicals in bile

Primary Body System Affected (PBSA): Hematologic, cardiovascular

Examples: Cholestyramine (Questran), Colesevelam (Whelchol)

Common Indications/Purposes (CI/P): Treat Parasitic infections

Primary Body System Affected (PBSA): Varied

Examples: Nitazoxanied (Alinia)

Common Indications/Purposes (CI/P): Treat Viral Infections

Primary Body System Affected (PBSA): Varied Nervous system

Examples: Acyclovir ( Zovirax), Famciclovir (Famvir)

Antipsychotics

CI/P: Treat psychoses, including schizophrenia

PBSA: Sympathetic nervous system

Examples: Haloperidol (Haldol), Olanzapine (zyprexa)

CI/P: Reduce or prevent seizures, provide sedation

PBSA: Central nervous system

Example: Phenobarbital

CI/P: Treat anxiety and seizures, provide sedation

PBSA: Central nervous system

Examples: Lorazepam (Ativan), Diazepam (Valium), Oxazepam (Serax)

Stem: -azapam: anxiety medications

CI/P: Bronchodialation

PBSA: Respiratory

Examples: Albuterol, Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

Stem: -terol: Bronchodilators (phenethylamine derivatives)

CI/P: Reduce blood pressure and heart rate

PBSA: Cardiovascular

Examples: Metoprolol (Lopressor), Atenolol (Tenormin)

Stem: -olol

CI/P: Reduce heartrate and blood pressure

PBSA: Cardiovascular

Examples: Diltiazem (Cardizem), Verapamil (Calan)

CI/P: Decreases heart rate and improves contractility

PBSA: Cardiovascular

Examples: Digoxin (Lanoxin)

CI/P: treat cancer or malignancy

PBSA: Varied

Examples: Vincristine (Oncovin, Vincasar), Cisplatin (Platinol)

CI/P: Prevent cholesterol conversion in the liver

PBSA: Gastrointestinal

Examples: Atorvastatin (Lipitor), Simvastatin (Zocor) Stem: -vastatin: Bronchodilators (phenethylamine derivatives)

CI/P: Activete secretiry glands in eyes and gastrointestinal tract, improve muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis

PBSA: Parasympathetic nervous system

Examples: Pilocarpine(Isopto), Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)

CI/P: Decrease inflamation, immunsuppressant

PBSA: Endocrine and immune systems

Examples: Prednisone, Dexamethasone (Decadron)

Stem: -pred: Prednisone and prednisolone derivatives

CI/P: Decrease bronchial irritation causing cough

PBSA: Central nervous system

Examples: Codiene, dextromethorphan

CI/P: Enhance digestion of food, may include supplemental pancreatic enzymes

PBSA: Gastrointestinal

Examples: Glutamine

CI/P: Promote excretion of urine, manage fluid overload

PBSA Renal

Examples: Mannitol (Osmitrol), Furosemide (Lasix)

CI/P: Dissolve clot prevent in blood vessels or vascular access devices

PBSA: Hematologic

Examples: Tissue Plasminogen activator (tPA), tenecteplase (TNKase)

CI/P: Replacement or maintenance therapy, treat systemic inflammation, numerous other uses

PBSA: Endocrine and immune

Examples: Hydrocortisone, belclomethasone (Beconase)

Stem: -cort: Cortisone derivatives

CI/P: Deactivate protiens involved in platelet aggregation

PBSA: Hematologic

Examples: Tirofiban (Aggrastat), epitifbatide (Integrillin)

Stem:-fiban: Fibrinogen receptor antagonists  (glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists)

CI/P: Block histamine receptors including those responsible for gastric acid secretion

PBSA: Gastrointestinal and immune

Examples: Ranitidine (Zantac), famotidine (Pepcid)

CI/P: replace hormones, improve bone density that has decreased due to aging and hormone loss

PBSA: Endocrine

Examples: Estrogen, progesterone

Stem: -ifen(e): Antiestrogens of the clomifene and tamoxifen groups

CI/P: Inhibit or enhance functioning of the immune system

PBSA: Immune

Examples: Interferon, levamisole (Ergamisol)

CI/P: Prevent rejection of transplanted organs and tissues, treat rheumatoid arthritis

PBSA: Immune

Examples: Cyclosporine (Gengraf), tacrolimus (Prograf)

CI/P: Positive inotropic effects, allows cellular glucose uptake, treat hyperkalemia

PBSA: Endocrine

Examples: Insulin

CI/P: Increase gastrointestinal motility

PBSA: Gastrointestinal

Examples: Bisacodyl (Ducolax), docusate (Colace)

CI/P: Promote sodium and water retention

PBSA: Endocrine and immune

Examples: Fludrocortisone (Florinef)

CI/P: Assist with elimination of mucous in the respiratory tract

PBSA: Pulmonary

Examples: Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

CI/P: Dialate pupils for occular diagnostic and treatment procedures

PBSA: Ocular and parasympathetic nervous system

Examples: Cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl)

CI/P: Relieve pain adn relieve or suppress cough

PBSA: Central Nervous system

Examples: Morphine, Oxycodone

Stem: nal- : Narcotic agonists/antagonists (normorphine type)

CI/P: decrease upper airway mucous secretion

PBSA: Sympathetic nervous system

Examples: Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

CI/P: Provide chemical paralysis in intubated and ventilated patients

PBSA: Peripheral nervous system and musculoskeletal

Examples: (Anectine), rocuronium (Zemuron)

CI/P: Treat pain and inflammation

PBSA: Endocrine

Examples: Inbuprofin (Motrin, Advil) ketorolac (Toradol), indomethacin (Indocin)

CI/P: Prevention of contraception

PBSA: Endocrine and genitourinanry

Examples: Estrogen, Progesterone

CI/P: Manage Type II diabetes mellitus

PBSA: Endocrine

Examples: Glyburide (Diabeta), Metformin (Glucophage), glipizide (Glucotrol)

CI/P: Treat erectile dysfunction

PBSA: Cardivascular

Examples: Sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis)

Stem: -afil: PDE5 inhibitors

Platelet Inhibitors

CI/P: Decrease platelet aggregation in patients at rick of thrombus formation

PBSA: Hematologic

Examples:Aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix)

CI/P: Suppress activity of parietal cell acid secretion

PBSA: Gastrointestinal

Examples: Omeprazole (Prilosec), esomeprazole (Nexium)

Stem: -prazole: Antiulcer agents (benzimidazole derivatives)

CI/P: treat depression, anxiety and related conditions

PBSA: CNS

Examples: Paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft)

CI/P: Increase blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac output, constrict blood vessels

PBSA: Cardiovascular

Examples: Epinephrine (Adrenalin), phenylephrine (non-synephrine)

CI/P: Decrease or eliminate uterine contactions during preterm labor

PBSA: Endocrine and genitourinary

Examples: Magnesium sulphate

CI/P: Treat depression, neuropathy and chronic pain syndromes

PBSA: CNS

Examples: Amitriptyline (Elavil), doxepin, desipramine (norpramin)

Stem: -triptyline: Antidepressants (dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptane derivatives)

CI/P: Bronchodialation

PBSA: Respiratory

Examples: Theophylline (Uniphyl)

Albuterol

(Proventil, Ventolin)

Respiratory

Class: Sympathomimetic, Bronchodilator

IND: Treatment of bronchspasm in pt's with reversible obstructive airway disease (COPS/Asthma) Prevention of exercize induced bronchospasm

DOSE: Adult: Administer 2.5 mg. Dilute in 0.5 mL of 0.5% solution for inhalation w/ 2.5 mL normal saline in a nebulizer and administer over 10-15 min. MDI: 1-2 inhalations (90-180 ug); wait 5 min between inhalations PED: <20Kg:1.25 mg/dose via hand held nebulizer or mask over 20 min. >20 Kg: 2.5 mg/dose via hand held nebulizer or mask over 20 min. Repeat in 20 min.

HOW:MDI: 90 mcg/metered spray. Solution for aerosolization: 0.5% (5mg/mL), 0.083% (2.5 mg) in 3-mL unit dose nebulizer

CONTR': Known prior hypersensitivity to Albuterol. Tachycardia, dysrythmias (especially ones caused by digitalis) Synergistic w/ other sympathomimetics

SE: Often dose related and include headache, fatigue, lightheadedness, irritability, restlessness, aggrssive behavior, pulmonary edema, hoarseness, nasal congestion, increased sputum, HTN, tachycardia, dysruthmias, chest pain, palpitations, nausea/vomiting, dry mouth, epigastric pain and tremors

MOA: Selective Beta 2 agonist that stimulates adrenergic receptors of sympathomimetic nervous system. Results in smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature

DOA: O: 5-15 min P: 30 min-2 hr D: 3-4 hrs

SC: Catagory C, May precipitate Angina and dysrythmia

DI: Trycyclic antidpressants may cause vasculature effects. Beta blockers are antagonistic and may block pulmonary effects. May potentiate Hypokalemia caused by diuretics.

IPRATROPIUM

(Atrovent)

Respiratory

Class: Anticholinergic, bronchodilator

IND: Presistent bronchospasm, COPD exacerbation

DOSE: ADULT: 250-500 mcg via inhalation with hand held nebulizer every 20 min up to 3x PED: same as adult

HOW: Aerosol 18 mcg/actuation. 500 mcg/mL of a 0.02% solution for nebulized inhalation

CONTRA': Hypersensitivity to ipratropium, atropine, alkaloids, peanuts

SE: Headache, dizziness, nervousness, fatigue, tremor, blurred vision, cough, dyspnea, worsening COPD symptoms, tachycardia, palpitations, flushing, MI, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, GI distress

MOA: Inhibits interaction of ACh at receptor sites of bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in decreased cyclic guanosine monophosphate and bronchodialation

DOA: O: 1-3 min P: 90 to 120 min D: 4-6 hrs

SC: Catagory B, when used with Beta Blocker, the Beta Blocker is given 1st. Shake first, use w/ caution in pts with urinary retention.

DI: None

METHYLPREDNISOLONE SODIUM SUCCINATE

(Sol-Medrol)

Respiratory

Class: Corticosteroid

IND: Acute spinal cord trauma, anaphylaxis, bronchodilator for unresponsive asthma

DOSE: ADULT: Acute spinal cord trauma: 30 mg/kg IV over 30 min followed by: Infusion 5.4 mg/kg/h. Asthma, anaphylaxis, COPD: 1-2 mg/kg IV PED: Spinal cord trauma: same as adult. Status asthmaticus/anaphylaxis: 2 mg/kg/dose IV/IO/IM to a max does of 60mg

HOW: 40, 125, 500, 1,000 mg powder (requireds reconstitution with solution provided)

CONTRA': Premature infants, sytemic fungal infections, use with caution w/ pts w/GI bleeding

SE: Depression, euphoria, headache, restlessness, seizure, increased ICP, pulmonary tuberculosis, HTN, CHF, nausea, vomiting, peptic ulcer, fluid retention, hypernatremia, hyperkalemia

MOA: Highly potent synthetic glucocorticoid that suppresses acute and chronic inflamation; potentiates vascular smooth muscle relaxation by Beta adrenergic agonists

DOA: O:1-2 hrs P: Varied D: 8-24 hrs

SC: Catagory C, not effective if time of spinal cord injury is greater than 8 hrs. Crosses the placenta and may cause fetal harm

DI: Hypoglycemic responses to insulin and hypoglycemic agents may be blunted

MAGNESIUM SULFATE

Respiratory

Class: Electrolyte, anti-inflammatory

IND: Seizures of eclampsia, torsades de pointes (polymorphic V-tach), hypomagnesaemia, v-fib/pulseless v-tach that is refactory to amiodarone, life threatening dysrythmias due to digitalis toxicity

DOSE: Adult: seizure activity associated w/pregnancy: 1-4g of a 10% solution IV/IO over 3 min: max dose of 30/40 g per day. Cardiac arrest due to hypomagnesaema, torsades de points: 1-2 g of a 10% solution IV/IO over 5-20 min. Torsades de pointes with pulse: Loading dose of 1-2g in 50-100 mL of D5W over 5-60 min IV, Follow w/ 0.5-1 g/h IV (titrate dose to control TdP)

DOSE: PED: Pulseless v-tach with Torsades de pointes: 25-50 mg/kg IV/IO bolus of a 10% solution to max dose of 2g. Torsades de pointes w/ pulse/hypomagnesaemia: 25-50 mg/kg IV/IO of a 10% solution over 10-20 min. to a max dose of 2g. Status asthmaticus: 25-50 mg/kg IV/IO of a 10% solution over 15-30 min to a max dose of 2g.

HOW: 50% solution (500 mg/mL) vials (must be diluted to a 10% solution before administering

CONTRA': heart block, myocardial damage

SE: Drowsiness, CNS depression, respiratory depression, respiratory tract paralysis, abnormal ECG, AV Block, Hypotention, vasodialation, hyporeflexia

MOA: Reduces striated muscle contractions and blocks peripheral neuromuscular transmission by reducing ACh release at the myoneural junction. Manages seizures in toxemia of pregnancy. Induces uterine relaxation. Can cause bronchodilation after Beta-agonists and anti-cholinergics have been administered

DOA: O: IV/IO O: varied D: IV/IO 30 min

SC: Catagory A, recommended that the drig not be administered 2 hrs before delivery. IV calcium gluconate or calcium chloride should be available as an antagonist to magnesium if needed. Use with caution in pts w/renal failure

DI: May inhance effects of other CNS depressants. Serious overall cardiac function may occur with cardiac glycosides.

EPINEPHRINE

(Adrenalin)

Respiratory

Class: Sympathomemetic

IND: Cardiac arrest (asystole, PEA, v-fib and pulseless v-tach), symptomatic, bradycardia as an alternative infusion to dopamine, severe hypotention second to bradycardia when atropine and transcutaneous pacing are unsuccessful, allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, asthma

DOSE ADULT: Mild allergic reactions and asthma: 0.3-0.5 mg (0.3-0.5 mL 1:1,000) SC. Anaphylaxis: 0.1 mg (1 mL) of 1:10,000 solution IV. Cardiac Arrest: IV/IO dose 1mg ( 10mL, 1:10,000 solution) 3-5 min during resuscitation. Follow each dose w/ 20-mL flush and elevate the arm for 10-20 sec. after dose. Continuous infusion: add 1 mg ( 1 mL of a 1:1,000 solution) to 250 mL normal saline or D₅W (4 mcg/mL) Initial infusion rate of 1 mcg/min titrated to effect (typical dose: 2-10 mcg/min). Endotrachial (ET) dose: 2-2.5 mg diluted in 10 mL normal saline. Profound bradycardia  or hypotention: 2-10 mcg/min titrate to pt response. Higher doses (up to  0.2 mg/kg) may be used for specific indications. (beta blocker or calcium channel blocker overdose)
DOSE PED: Mild allergic reactions and asthma:0.01 mg/kg (0.01 mL/kg) of a  1:1,000 solution SC. (max of 0.3mL) Anaphylaxis/sever status asthmaticus: 0.01 mg/kg (0.01 mL/kg) IM of 1:1,000 solution (mas single dose: 0.3mg). Cardiac Arrest: IV/IO dose: 0.01mg/kg (0.1 mL/kg) 1:10,000 solution 3-5 min during arrest. All Endotrachial (ET) doses: 0.1 mg/kg (.01 mL/kg) of a 1:1,000 solution mixed in 3-5 mL of saline until IV/IO access is achienved . Max single dose 1 mg. Symptomatic bradycardia: IV/IO dose: 0.01 mg/kg(0.01 mL/kg) of a 1:10,000 solution. All ET doses 0.1 mg/kg (0.1 mL/kg) of a 1:1,00 solution. Continuous IV/IO infusion: begin with rapid infusion, then titrate to a response. Typical initial infusion: 0.1-1 mcg/min. higher doses may be effective

HOW: 1:1,000 solution: ampules and vials contaning 1 mg/mL. 110,000 solution. Prefilled syringes containing 0.1 mg/mL. Auto injestor (EpiPen): 0.5 mg/mL (1:2,000)

CONTRA': HTN, hypothermia, pulmonary edema, MI, hypovolemic shock

SE: Nervousness, restlessness, headache, tremor, pulmonary edema, dysrythmias, chest pain, HTN, tachycardia, nausea and vomiting

MOA: direct acting alpha and beta agonist. Alpha:vasoconstriction. Beta-1: positive inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic effects. Beta-2 bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and dilation of skeletal vasculature. Blocks histamine receptors.

DOA: O: Immediate P: Minutes D: Several minutes

SC: Catagory C,May cause syncope in sathmatic children. May increase myocardial o2 demand, to mix an infusion ass 1 mg of epinephrine 1:1,000 to 500 mL D₅W for a yield of 2 mcg/mL. Many states and systems ae pulling away from IV/IO/IM administration of 1:1,000 and replacing it with auto-injectors due to the vascular side effects of solo epinephrine 1:1,000 injection.

DI: potentiates other sympathomimetics. Deactivated by alkaline solutions. MAOIs may potentiate effect. Beta blockers may blunt effect.

TERBUTALINE SULFATE

(Brethine)

Respiratory

Class: Beta-2 agonist, broncholdilator

IND: Bronchial asthma, reversibile bronchospasm associated w/exercize, chronic bronchitis, emphysema

DOSE: ADULT: 0.25 mg SC may repeat in 15-30  min to max dose of 0.5 mg in a 4 hr period. PED: not recommended for children under 12. 0.25 SC may repeat in 15-30 min to max dose of 0.5 mg in a 4 hr period

HOW: 1 mg/mL vials

CONTRA': Hypersensitivity, thachysysrythmias

SE: CNS stimulation, headache, seizure, restlessness, apprehension, wheezing, coughing, bronchospasm, bradycardia, tachycardia, ST wave changes, PVCs, PACs, chest pain

MOA: Selective Beta-2 adrenergic receptor activity resulting in relaxation of smooth muscle of the bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature with minimal cardiac effects.

DOA: O: 5- 10 min P: varied D: 1.5-4 hrs

SC: Catagory B, Carefully monitor vital signs, Use with caution in pts with cardivascular disease, seizure disorder, HTN, diabetes, Pt should recieve o2 before and during administration

DI: Cardiovascuar effects exacerbated by other sympathomometics. MAOIs may potentiate dysrythmias. Beta blockers may antagonize terbutaline.

DIAZAPAM

(Valium)

Sedative and Airway

Class: Benzodiazepine, long-acting; sedative-hypnotic; anticonvulsant; schedule IV drug

IND:  Acute anxiety states and agitation, acute alcohol withdrawl, muscle relaxant, seizure activity, sedation for medical purposes (intubation, ventilated pts, cardiversion), may be helpful in acute symptomatic cocaine overdose

DOSE: ADULT: Seizure activity: 5-10 mg IV q 10-15 min PRN (5 mg over 5 min) max dose: 30 mg. Premedication for cardioversion: 5-15 mg IV over 5 - 10 min prior to cardioversion PED: Seizure activity: 0.2mg/kg to 0.5 mg/kg slow IV q 2-5 min up to 5mg. Max dose 10mg/kg. Rectal diazepam: 0.5mg/kg via 2" rectal catheter and flush with 2-3 mL air post administration

HOW:  5 mg/kg prefilled syringes, ampules, vials and Tubex syringes

CONTR': Hypersensitivity, narrow-angle glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, respiratory insufficiency, coma, head injury

SE: Dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, headache, respiratory depression, hypotension, reflex tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness, tissue necrosis, ataxia, thrombosis, phlebitis

MOA: Potentiates effects of inhibitory neurotransmitters. Raises the seizure threshold. Induces amnesia and sedation.

DOA: O: 1-5 min P: 15 min D: 20-50 min

SC: Catagory D, short duration for anticonvusant effect, Reduce dose by 50% in eldery patients

DI: Incompatible with most drugs, fluids.

MIDAZOLAM HYDROCHLORIDE

(VERSED)

Sedative/Airway

Class: Benzodiazepine, short.intermediate acting: schedule IV drug

IND: Sedation for medical procedures (intubation, ventilated pt, cardioversion)

DOSE: ADULT: 2-2.5 mg slow IV (over 2-3 min). May be repeated to total max: 0.1 mg/kg PED: 0.1-0.3 mg/kg IV/IO (max single dose 10 mg)

HOW: 1mg/mL and 5mg/mL vials and tubex syringes

CONTRA': Acute narrow-angle glaucoma, shock, coma, alcohol intoxication, overdose, depressed vital signs, Concomitant use with barbituates, alcohol, narcotics, or othe CNS depressants

SE: Headache, somnolence, respiratory depression, respiratory arrest, apnea, hypotention, cardiac arrest, nausea, vomiting, pain at the injection site

MOA: Reversaibly interacts with gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) receptors in the CNS causing sedative, anxiolytic, amnesic and hypnotic effects

DOA: O: 1-3 min (IV and dose dependant) P: Varied D: 2-6 hrs dose dependant

SC: Catagory D, administer immediately prior to intubation procedure, Requires continuous monitoring of respiratory and cardic function. Decrease dose by 50% in pts with renal and hepatic dysfunction

DI: Should not be given to pts who have taken CNS depressants