Term
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Definition
| the label directions from the pharmaceutical company |
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Term
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Definition
| how the drugs move in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| How the drugs work inside the body |
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Term
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Definition
| what the drug is used for. treatment, prevention, diagnosis |
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Term
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Definition
| place to process, compound, dispense, and sell drugs |
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Term
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Definition
| study of drugs from natural sources |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of poisons and adverse drug reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| analysis that identifies, measures, and compares costs and consequences of pharmaceutical products and services. |
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Term
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Definition
| non-clinical so they cannot dispense/sell drugs. PhD trained in basic research. trained in medical schools. designs drugs, do research, teach. |
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Term
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Definition
| clinical => legal authority to compound and dispense drugs upon Rx by licensed practitioner. BS to RPh or PharmD |
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Term
| United States Pharmaceutical Convention |
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Definition
| governing body that sets standards for all Rx and OTC drugs. works closely with the FDA and companies. insures uniform quality. stamp on every bottle. recognized as hallmark of quality world wide. manufacturing regulations. "chemical" not required to follow |
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Term
| United States Pharmacopeia |
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Definition
| Official, and volumes 1-3 |
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Term
| Physicians Desk Reference |
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Definition
| unofficial. are the drug package inserts. publishing paid by drug companies, but information must be FDA approved. |
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Term
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Definition
| developed and sold by specific pharmaceutical company. |
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Term
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Definition
| patent expired, anyone can now make the dru, must be bioequivalent, must be proven to have same therapeutic effect. |
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Term
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Definition
| unapproved use of an FDA approved drug. it's legal, but may not be reimbursable. PDR only lists "on-label" uses. |
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Term
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Definition
| used for rare diseases to give tax incentives to encourage R&D |
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Term
| What drug classification do anti-HTN, and anti-inflammatory represent? |
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Definition
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Term
| what drug classification of drugs do ibuprofen represent? |
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Definition
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Term
| What classification of drugs do B-blocker and antacids represent? |
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Definition
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Term
| What classification of drugs do tyelenol represent? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an inactive ingredient in a drug. |
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Term
| 4 parts of pharmacokinetics |
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Definition
| absorption, distribution, biotransformation, excretion. |
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Term
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Definition
| process of drug getting from the site of administration to circulation. |
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Term
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Definition
| transportation of drug molecules to active and inactive sites. |
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Term
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Definition
| "metabolism", enzyme-mediated modification of drug's chemical structure |
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Term
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Definition
| movement of drug and/or metabolites from body through excretory organs |
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Term
| Factors affecting Absorption |
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Definition
| Drug solubility, form of drug, movement across cell membrane, route of administration, condition of absorptive surface, drug concentration, ionization of drug, size of drug molecule. |
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Term
| Issues with oral administration of drugs. |
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Definition
| Gastric motility (effect of exercise). Pre-sysetmic biotransformation: affect of food in GI, Gagstric acids, GI flora inactivation. |
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Term
| Factors affecting transportation |
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Definition
| Things that affect circulation (CO,regional blood flow), Concentration gradients, physiological barriers(BBB, Placenta), Drug storage sites. |
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Term
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Definition
| primarily liver. Placenta, kidneys, lungs, plasma, intestinal mucosa. |
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Term
| Biotransformation enzymes and factors affecting them. |
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Definition
| Eleven of them. Liver Damage, genetics (especially related to 11 enzymes), age, kidney disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| Renal (most common,must be water soluble, one or more passes, affected by kidney disease, blood flow, moelecular size). Hepatic (bile to feces). Perspiration, saliva, tears, breast milk |
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Term
| Structurally non-specific pharmacodynamics |
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Definition
| chemical alteration(antacids, electrolytes), Physical alteration (sunscreen). |
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Term
| Structurally specific pharmacodynamics |
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Definition
| drug receptor/enzyme interaction. Lock and key(affinity), Agonist (elicit desired effect), Antagonist (receptor blocker) |
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Term
| Factors affecting pharmacodynamics |
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Definition
| Individual variables: gender, size, weight, age, nutrition, ethnicity, other pathological processes. Influence of drug-drug interactions. Influence of drug-nutrient interactions. |
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Term
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Definition
| "noxious, unintended, and undesired effects that occur at normal drug doses". most common in very young, old, and ill, and with polypharmacy. Most common ADRs. Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, GI distress. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sides effects, allergic, idiosyncratic, Iatrogenetic disease, teratogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, physical dependance. |
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Term
| Uses of drug/indications for drug |
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Definition
| the problem to be treated by the drug, the anticipated final outcome, the label information. |
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