Term
| What are the tricyclic antidepressants? 4 |
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Definition
- Ami-trip-ty-line (Elavil)
- Nor-trip-ty-line (Pamelor)
- Imi-pra-mine (Tofranil)
- Desipramine (Norpramin) |
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Term
What are the monoamine oxidase inhibitors?
How does it work? |
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Definition
- Phen-el-zine (Nardil)
- Blocks the breakdown of catecholamines (NE, E, DA) |
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Term
What are the 3 SNRIs (Seritonin-NE reputake inhibitors) used to treat depression?
Mechanism of action?
How are these different from SSRIs? |
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Definition
- Ven-la-fax-ine (Effexor)
- Du-lox-e-tine (Cymbalta)
- Des-ven-la-fax-ine (Pritiq)
- NE & 5HT reuptake block
- Blocks pain too |
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Term
What are the SSRIs (Selective Seratonin reuptake inhibitor)? 5
Mechanism of action? |
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Definition
- Flu-ox-e-tine (Prozac)
- Ser-tra-line (Zoloft)
- Par-ox-e-tine (Paxil)
- Cit-al-o-pram (Celexa)
- Es-cit-a-lo-pram (Lexapro)
- Block reuptake of 5HT |
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Term
| What are the 4 types of depression? |
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Definition
- Reactive
- Major depression
- Dysthymia (eoar/balck cloud)
- Bipolar |
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Term
| Approximately what % of the population does depression effect? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What are the symptoms of depression in general? 6 |
|
Definition
- Diminished interest
- Appetite change
- Sleep problems
- Worthlessness
- Indecisiveness
- Suicidal thoughts |
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Term
| How is the brain effected by depression? |
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Definition
| - Decreases brain activity |
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Term
What pathways does depression disrupt? 2
What parts of the brain does depression effect?
What specific receptors do they effect?
|
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Definition
- Noradrenergic pathway (NE)
- Serotonergic pathway (Seratonin)
- Locus coeruleus (NE)
- Raphe nuclei (Seratonin)
(Reuptake receptors)
- NE trasporter
- 5HT transporter (Seratonin) |
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Term
What is the amine hypothesis of depression?
What drug did they used to test this?
How do MAO inhibitors effect depression?
How to TCA effect depression? |
|
Definition
- Underactive release of NE & Seratonin -> depression
- Resperine (depletes NE) -> depression
- Drugs that blocked MAO (breaks down NE) -> improved depression
- TCA (inhibits reuptake of NE) -> improved depression |
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Term
When taking an antidepressant, how soon is reuptake blocked?
How long to antidepressants take to work?
|
|
Definition
- Immediately
- 2-4 weeks |
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Term
What receptor inhibits serotonin (5HT) release?
What happens if you are on too much antidepressants for to long?
How do neurothropic factors effect antidepressants? |
|
Definition
- 5HT1A
- Reduce ability of 5HT1A to work -> less depressed
- Help neurons survive -> work better w antidepressants |
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Term
Trycyclic Antidepressants
Mechanism of action? 2
Receptors it works on? 3
Side effects? 2
How long does it take to work?
Also used for? 5
Toxicity?
OD treatment?
|
|
Definition
- NE & 5HT reuptake block
- Cholinergic (alpha)
- Histamine
- Muscurinic
- Sedation
- Muscle aches
- 2-3 weeks
- Depression
- Panic disorder
- Chronic pain/headache
- Fibromyalgia
- Enuresis
- Torsades de points (arrhythmias)
- Phenytoin |
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Term
MAO inhibitors
Mechanism of action?
When is it used?
Interactions? 3
Side effects?
Mainly used as?
|
|
Definition
- Irreversibly binds of MAO
- When depression doesn't respond to other drugs
- Tyramine
- Sympathomimetics (stimulants)
- Other antidepressants
- Serotonin syndrom
- Antidepressant
|
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Term
What is seratonin syndrome?
Symptoms? |
|
Definition
- Interaction of MAO inhibitors & other antidepressants -> too much serotonin
- Convulsions
- CNS toxicity |
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Term
SSRIs
Mechanism of action?
Mainly used as? |
|
Definition
- 5HT reuptake block
- Anti depressant |
|
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Term
Flu-ox-e-tine
Half life?
Interactions?
Other uses? 5
Side effects? 6
Mainly used as? |
|
Definition
- Fluoxetine -> Norfluoxetine = 9 days (long!!!)
- Inhibits CYP2D6 (needed for metabolism of many drugs & opioids)
- Panic disorder
- OCD
- Bulimia
- PMDD (premestral dysphoric disorder)
- Premature ejaculation
- GI
- CNS stimulation (w Fluoxetine & sertraline)
- Sedation (w Peroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram)
- Sexual disfunction
- Photosensitivity
- Seritonin syndrome
- Antidepressant
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Term
SNRI's
Ven-la-fax-ine (Effexor)
Des-ven-la-fax-ine (Pritiq)
Mechanism of action?
Also used for?
Side effects?
Mainly used as? |
|
Definition
- 5HT & NE reuptake block
- Pain
- Hot flashes
- Increased BP
- Antidepressant |
|
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Term
Du-lox-e-tine (Cymbalta)
Mechanism of action?
Also used for?
Interactions?
Side effects?
Mainly used as? |
|
Definition
- 5HT & NE reuptake block
- Pain
- CYP2D6
- Liver disease
- Antidepressant |
|
|
Term
Bu-pro-pion (Wellbutrin)
Mechanism of action?
Also used for?
Used in conjunction w?
Side effects?
Mainly used as? |
|
Definition
- DA reuptake block
- Smoking & alcohol cessation
- Sexual disinterest
- SSRIs
- Seizures
- Rash
- CNS effects
- Antidepressant |
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Term
St John's Wort
Why used?
Side effects? 2
Interactions?
Mainly used as? |
|
Definition
- Herbal depression remedy
- Photosensitivity
- Serotonin syndrome
- Other antidepressants
- Prolong anesthesia
- Reduces birth control, digoxin, protease inhibitors & warfarin
- Antidepressant |
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