Term
|
Definition
Staphlococcal infection
Dicloxacillin
Cephalexin
Erythromycin - Very safe, prego cat A, safe for kids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Staph, Strep, H. Influenzae Infection
Amoxicillin/Clavulanate-can use in kids
Others: Dicloxacillin, cephalexin, cefuroxine, ceftraxone, and cefotaxime |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Staph, Strep, and H Influenzae infections (more common in kids following birth trauma)
Dicloxacillin or Cephalexin - Adults
Amoxicillin/Clavulanate - Kids |
|
|
Term
| Meibomianitis/Acne Rosacea |
|
Definition
Causes Dry Eye
Tetracyline
Doxycycline
Both drugs make sensitive to UV, can result in rash |
|
|
Term
| Chlamydial(adult inclusion) conjuntivitis or Trachoma |
|
Definition
Env organism not sex transmission, can get papillae and follicle formation
Affect upperlid worst
Doxycycline
Tetracycline
Erythromycin-very effective, used when allergic to others
Azithromycin-long acting, can cure with one dose |
|
|
Term
| Gonococcal(adult) Conjunctivitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus |
|
Definition
AKA shingles, stops at midline
Acyclovir-short T1/2
Valacyclovir-longer T1/2
Famciclovir-also longer T1/2
Very SElective, little aDR
CI hypersensitivitys |
|
|
Term
| Posterior Segment Infections |
|
Definition
OD can only tx glaucoma
Toxoplasmosis-combo of Triple Sulfa, pyrimethamine, clindamycin, and prednisone
Toxocara Canis-worms from cat/dogs
CMV Retinopathy-Ganiciclovir-Iv, oral, injected |
|
|
Term
| Pain Management Guidelines |
|
Definition
1. Tx underlying condition
2. Use symptoms as guide
3. Pretreatment History
4. KISS method
5. Dose regimen-Tx round the clock
6. Oral route for simplicity
7. OTC to dec cost if possible
8. Narcotic if needed
9. Adjuvant to help: cold compresses, caffeine,antihistamine, antidepressant |
|
|
Term
| Non-Narcotic Pain Management |
|
Definition
Acetaminophen-doesnt dec amount of pain impulses but how CNS reacts to pain
ADR:Liver Toxicity
Aspirin:
ADR:upset GI, inc clott time, Reyes syndrome, Kidney toxicity
Nonsalicylate NSAID-dec supersensitivity of pain recepters and dec inflammation
ADR:upset GI, Inc clot time, Reye's syndrome, Kidney Toxicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cox 1 inhib: Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Fenoprofen, ketoprofen, Indomethacin, Ketorolac, Mefenamic acid
Newer Cox-2 Inhib: Rofecoxib, Celecoxib, Valdecoxib |
|
|
Term
| Controlled Substance Schedule: 1-5 |
|
Definition
1:High Abuse, Can NOT rx;heroin, LSD
2:High abuse, severe dependency;Amphetamines, barbituate, narcotics
3:Mod Abuse, mod dependency;sedatives, stimulants, limited narcotics
4:Less abuse, less dependency;,ild sedatives, antianxiety, nonnarcotic analgesics
5:limited abuse and dependency, dont need Rx to get;small dose narcotics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 3-4 controlled substances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
acts on CNS, changes how react to pain and dec pain sensation
Codeine(3)
Oxycodone(2)
hydrocodone(3)
Propoxphene(4)
Pentazocine(4)
TRamadol
usu use in combo w/ aspirin or acetominophen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
CNS disturbances
GI problems
Respiratory Depression
Cardiovascular Depression
Ocular adn auditory disturbances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Allergies
Acute Type I Rxns
AngioEdema
Myokemia |
|
|
Term
| Classification of Anti-Histamines |
|
Definition
1. Peripherally Selective(2nd gen)-Loratadine, Cetirizine, Fexofenadine, Desloratatine
minimally sedating
2. Non-Selective(1st gen)-Mild sedating: Chlorpheniramine, brompheneramine
Mod sedating: Clemastin Strong Sedating: Diphenhydramine, promethazine |
|
|
Term
| CAI - Anti-Glaucoma Agents |
|
Definition
Acetazolamide adn methazolamide
Not used long term
Typ used if pressures are very high or spiked fast
CI if patient has sulfa allergy bc these drugs are related to sulfas
CAuses kidney stones
Makes feel "crappy"
PAresthesia of ahnds and feet |
|
|
Term
| Hyperosmotics - Anti-Glaucoma agents |
|
Definition
Tx. AACG
Glycerin-CI in Diabetes
Isosorbide-NO CIs
Large molecular weight liquids taken oraly (gross tasting, egg white like) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Used in sever, deep inflammations
Prednisone-scleritis, hyphema, keratitis, chorioretinits, vitritis
Methylprednisolone-TRaumatic optic neuropathy, demylinating optic neuropathy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Used fro chronic autoimmune inflammations
cytotoxic or immune modulators |
|
|
Term
| Aminocaproic Acid (Amicar) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antioxidants
Use: prophylaxis |
|
|
Term
| Rx rights for injectibles - how many jurisdictions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Subq
subconj
intralesional
peribulbar
intraocular
IM
IV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Diagnosis-Fluorescein Angiopathy
2. Emergency- 1:1000 epi, IM, IV
3. AACG- Mannitol, IV
4. Treatment-
local anesthesia-lidocaine 1-2% subq or retrobulbar
Inflammation-steroids, preibulbar or intralesional
Infection-AB, peribulbar/AV, Iv ot intraocular
Neovascualr Membranes- Vertiprofin(IV), Pegaptanib(intravitreal), Ramizumab(Intravitreal), Bevacizumab(intravitreal) |
|
|
Term
| Implants-Ganciclovir(vitrasert) |
|
Definition
Intravitreal Inj
for CMV retinitis in AIDS patients
last 5-8 months |
|
|
Term
| Implants-Fluocinolone(retisert) |
|
Definition
Intravitreal injection
Use: posterior uveitis, ARMD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| placed against sclera that has melanoma (peribulbar inj) |
|
|
Term
| Implant-Diabetes Mellitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Came about to tx colon cancer, off label use for ARMD
only $50 a shot, but still need shot every 6-8 wks |
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