Acetylcholine

1. Direct acting muscarinic agonst
2. Activity - ↑GI motility, ↓HR, ↓CO, bladder contraction, sphincter relaxation, miosis, ↓intraocular pressure, ↑ secretions(salivary, lacrimal, GI, sweat).
3. ADR - hypotension, bradycardia bronchoconstriction, diarrhea, urinary incontinence, sweating.
4. Use - glaucoma
5. Rapidly hydrolyzed.

1. Direct acting muscarinic agonst
2. Activity - ↑GI motility, ↓HR, ↓CO, bladder contraction, sphincter relaxation, miosis, ↓intraocular pressure, ↑ secretions(salivary, lacrimal, GI, sweat).
3. ADR - hypotension, bradycardia bronchoconstriction, diarrhea, urinary incontinence, sweating.
4. Use - Pulmonary function test.

1. Direct acting muscarinic agonst
2. Activity - ↑GI motility, ↓HR, ↓CO, bladder contraction, sphincter relaxation, miosis, ↓intraocular pressure, ↑ secretions(salivary, lacrimal, GI, sweat).
3. ADR - hypotension, bradycardia bronchoconstriction, diarrhea, urinary incontinence, sweating.
4. Use - stimulate GI motility, treaty urinary retention.
5. Resistant to rapid hydrolysis.

1. Direct acting muscarinic agonst
2. Activity - ↑GI motility, ↓HR, ↓CO, bladder contraction, sphincter relaxation, miosis, ↓intraocular pressure, ↑ secretions(salivary, lacrimal, GI, sweat).
3. ADR - hypotension, bradycardia bronchoconstriction, diarrhea, urinary incontinence, sweating.
4. Use - Glaucoma, xerostomia(poor salivation)

1. Reversible AChE inhibitor
2. Effects -↑GI motility and secretion, bladder contraction, urinary sphincter relaxation,bradycardia, hypotension, ↑ secretions(saliva, tears, sweat),↓intraocular pressure, stimulate skeletal muscles and bronchoconstriction.
3. ADR- SLUDGE, skeletal muscle fasciculations and paralysis, bradycardia, shock, severe miosis.
4. Use - Tx atropine poisoning

1. Reversible AChE inhibitor
2. Effects -↑GI motility and secretion, bladder contraction, urinary sphincter relaxation,bradycardia, hypotension, ↑ secretions(saliva, tears, sweat),↓intraocular pressure, stimulate skeletal muscles and bronchoconstriction.
3. ADR- SLUDGE, skeletal muscle fasciculations and paralysis, bradycardia, shock, severe miosis.
4. Use - Tx myasthenia gravis.
5. Longer acting.

1. Reversible AChE inhibitor
2. Effects -↑GI motility and secretion, bladder contraction, urinary sphincter relaxation,bradycardia, hypotension, ↑ secretions(saliva, tears, sweat),↓intraocular pressure, stimulate skeletal muscles and bronchoconstriction.
3. ADR- SLUDGE, skeletal muscle fasciculations and paralysis, bradycardia, shock, severe miosis.
4. Use - Tx myasthenia gravis, protect against nerve agents.
5. Longer acting.

1. Reversible AChE inhibitor
2. Effects -↑GI motility and secretion, bladder contraction, urinary sphincter relaxation,bradycardia, hypotension, ↑ secretions(saliva, tears, sweat),↓intraocular pressure, stimulate skeletal muscles and bronchoconstriction.
3. ADR- SLUDGE, skeletal muscle fasciculations and paralysis, bradycardia, shock, severe miosis.
4. Use - Tx alzheimer's.

1. Reversible AChE inhibitor
2. Effects -↑GI motility and secretion, bladder contraction, urinary sphincter relaxation,bradycardia, hypotension, ↑ secretions(saliva, tears, sweat),↓intraocular pressure, stimulate skeletal muscles and bronchoconstriction.
3. ADR- SLUDGE, skeletal muscle fasciculations and paralysis, bradycardia, shock, severe miosis.
4. Use - Tx alzheimer's.

1. Reversible AChE inhibitor
2. Effects -↑GI motility and secretion, bladder contraction, urinary sphincter relaxation,bradycardia, hypotension, ↑ secretions(saliva, tears, sweat),↓intraocular pressure, stimulate skeletal muscles and bronchoconstriction.
3. ADR- SLUDGE, skeletal muscle fasciculations and paralysis, bradycardia, shock, severe miosis.
4. Tx poisoning with atropine.

1. Irreversible AChE inhibitors
2. Effects -↑GI motility and secretion, bladder contraction, urinary sphincter relaxation,bradycardia, hypotension, ↑ secretions(saliva, tears, sweat),↓intraocular pressure, stimulate skeletal muscles and bronchoconstriction.
3. ADR- SLUDGE, skeletal muscle fasciculations and paralysis, bradycardia, shock, severe miosis.
4. Tx poisoning with pralidoxime or atropine.

1. Irreversible AChE inhibitors
2. Effects -↑GI motility and secretion, bladder contraction, urinary sphincter relaxation,bradycardia, hypotension, ↑ secretions(saliva, tears, sweat),↓intraocular pressure, stimulate skeletal muscles and bronchoconstriction.
3. ADR- SLUDGE, skeletal muscle fasciculations and paralysis, bradycardia, shock, severe miosis.
4. Tx poisoning with pralidoxime or atropine.

Sildenafil(viagra)

1. Cyclic GMP PDE inhibitor
2. ↑ release of NO = vasodilation.
3. Effects - hypotension, ↑HR(reflex), visual disturbances.
4. DI - nitrates, sympathomimetics.

1. Cyclic GMP PDE inhibitor
2. ↑ release of NO = vasodilation.
3. Effects - hypotension, ↑HR(reflex), visual disturbances.
4. DI - nitrates, sympathomimetics.

1. Cyclic GMP PDE inhibitor
2. ↑ release of NO = vasodilation.
3. Effects - hypotension, ↑HR(reflex), visual disturbances.
4. DI - nitrates, sympathomimetics.
5. Longer half-life and duration.

1. Cholinesterase reactivator
2. Antidote for organophosphate poisoning.
3. Does not work with carbamate insecticides. 

1. Muscarinic antagonist, anticholinergic.
2. Effects - Dries secretions, ↓GI motility, urine retention, bronchodilation, mydriasis(dilation), ↑HR.
3. ADR - tachycardia, may cause initial bradycardia, dry mouth, hot skin, constipation, urine retention, visual disturbances, sedation, confusion.
4. Uses- GI(cramps, diarrhea, IBS),mydriatic agent, cardiac stimulant, dry respiratory secretions, block vagal reflexes on heart.
5. CI- glaucoma,  prostate hypertrophy, cardiovascular instability and ulcerative colitis.

1. Muscarinic antagonist, anticholinergic.
2. Effects - Dries secretions, ↓GI motility, urine retention, bronchodilation, mydriasis(dilation), ↑HR.
3. ADR - tachycardia, dry mouth, hot skin, constipation, urine retention, visual disturbances, sedation, confusion.
4. Use -Patch form for motion sickness and vertigo.
5. 
   

1. Muscarinic antagonist, anticholinergic.
2. Effects - Dries secretions, ↓GI motility, urine retention, bronchodilation, mydriasis(dilation), ↑HR.
3. ADR - tachycardia, dry mouth, hot skin, constipation, urine retention, visual disturbances, sedation, confusion.
4. Use - Intestinal antispasmodic, IBS.

1. Muscarinic antagonist, anticholinergic.
2. Effects - Dries secretions, ↓GI motility, urine retention, bronchodilation, mydriasis(dilation), ↑HR.
3. ADR - tachycardia, dry mouth, hot skin, constipation, urine retention, visual disturbances, sedation, confusion.
4. Use - antispasmodic, IBS.

1. Muscarinic antagonist, anticholinergic.
2. Effects - Dries secretions, ↓GI motility, urine retention, bronchodilation, mydriasis(dilation), ↑HR.
3. ADR - tachycardia, dry mouth, hot skin, constipation, urine retention, visual disturbances, sedation, confusion.
4. Use - preop to dry secretions

1. Muscarinic antagonist, anticholinergic.
2. Effects - Dries secretions, ↓GI motility, urine retention, bronchodilation, mydriasis(dilation), ↑HR.
3. ADR - tachycardia, dry mouth, hot skin, constipation, urine retention, visual disturbances, sedation, confusion.
4. Use - asthma and COPD

1. Muscarinic antagonist, anticholinergic.
2. Effects - Dries secretions, ↓GI motility, urine retention, bronchodilation, mydriasis(dilation), ↑HR.
3. ADR - tachycardia, dry mouth, hot skin, constipation, urine retention, visual disturbances, sedation, confusion.
4. Use - asthma and COPD, longer acting!

1. Muscarinic antagonist, anticholinergic.
2. Effects - Dries secretions, ↓GI motility, urine retention, bronchodilation, mydriasis(dilation), ↑HR.
3. ADR - tachycardia, dry mouth, hot skin, constipation, urine retention, visual disturbances, sedation, confusion.
4. Use - Tx parkinson's or drug induced parkinsons.

1. Muscarinic antagonist, anticholinergic.
2. Effects - Dries secretions, ↓GI motility, urine retention, bronchodilation, mydriasis(dilation), ↑HR.
3. ADR - tachycardia, dry mouth, hot skin, constipation, urine retention, visual disturbances, sedation, confusion.
4. Use - Tx urinary incontinence due to overactive bladder.

Epinephrine

(EpiPen,Adrenalin)

1. Adrenergic receptor agonist(non-selective), sympathomimetic. Parenteral.
2. Stimulates α and β receptors equally, ↑SP, PP & HR.
3. Uses - anaphylactic shock, asthma bronchoconstriction, cardiac arrest, bradycardia in A-V block, prolongs local anesthetics.
4. ADR - Tolerance and rebound(when stopped)

Norepinephrine

(Levophed)

1. Adrenergic receptor agonist(non-selective), sympathomimetic.
2. Stimulates α₁₊₂ & β₁ receptors.
3. Effects - ↑ all pressure measures, ↓HR.
4. Uses - Shock(cardiogenic & neurogenic), early phase of septic shock, support BP during spinal anesthesia.
5. ADR - Tolerance & rebound, severe hypertension.

Isoproterenol

(Isuprel)

1. Adrenergic receptor agonist(non-selective), sympathomimetic.
2. Stimulates β₁₊₂ receptors.
3. Effects - ↓DP & MP, ↑ PP & HR
4. Uses - Bradyarrhythmias
5. ADR - tachyarrhythmia.

1. Adrenergic receptor agonist(non-selective), sympathomimetic.
2. Stimulates D>β₁>α₁.
3. Effects - selectively ↑ bloodflow to GI and kidney(low dose), stimulates cardiac contractility(intermediate dose), ↑PVR & MAP(high dose, alpha1).
4. Uses - cardiogenic and neurogenic shock, CHF, bradyarrhythmia.
5. ADR - tachycardia.

Dobutamine

(dobutrex)

1. Adrenergic receptor agonist(selective)
2. Stimulates β₁.
3. Effects - ↑ contractility, CO & PP. Very slight increase in DP and BP.
4. Uses - CHF, cardiogenic shock, late septic.
5. ADR - 

1. Adrenergic receptor agonist(selective)
2. Stimulates β₂.
3. Effects - relaxes bronchial smooth muscles.
4. Uses - asthma and COPD(rescue inhalers).
5. ADR - tolerance & rebound, tachyarrhythmia.

1. Adrenergic receptor agonist(selective)
2. Stimulates β₂.
3. Effects - relaxes bronchial smooth muscles.
4. Uses - asthma and COPD(rescue inhalers), uterus relaxation for premature labor.
5. ADR - tolerance & rebound, tachycardia in premature labor.

1. Adrenergic receptor agonist (selective)
2. Stimulates α₁.
3. Effects - ↑DP & MBP.
4. Uses - maintain DP & MBP during neurogenic shock, hemmorhoids, nasal congestion, mydriatic agent, superventricular tachycardias.
5. ADR - reflex bradycardia.

1. Adrenergic receptor agonist (selective)
2. Stimulates α₁.
3. Effects - ↑DP & MBP.
4. Uses - Treat orthostatic hypotension, urinary incontinence.

1. Long acting

2. Used for withdrawal

3. ADR's- Sedation, amnesia, inhibition of behavior, tolerance, dependence

1. Intermdiate action

2. Good for liver failure

3. ADR's- Sedation, amnesia, inhibition of behavior, tolerance, dependence

1. Intermediate acting

2. 

3. ADR's- Sedation, amnesia, inhibition of behavior, tolerance, dependence

1. Very short acting

2. Anesthesia

1. BZD antagonist
2. Reverse anesthesia(midazolam)
3. Can trigger seizures.

1. Barbiturate
2. Facilitate GABA, sedative, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant.
3. ADR's - Depression of respiration, hangover
4. Withdrawal signs - gran mal seizures, EEG changes
5. Long acting

1. Barbiturate
2. GABA induction, pre-op surgery.
3. ADRs- Depression of respiration, hangover, habit forming
4. Ultra short acting, lipid soluble

1. Barbiturate
2. Anxiety, anticonvulsant
3. ADR's - Depression of respiration, hangover

1. alleviates mild anxiety, little sedative effects, first choice to tx anxiety in subtance abuse patients
2. Not through GABA, low abuse potential
3. ADR- dizziness, HA, tachycardia

1. Inhibits excitatory transmitters
2. Treats spasms in multiple sclerosis
3. ADR- CNS depression

1. Depresses inhibitory mechanisms in brain
2. Cutaneous vasodilation(flushing of skin), heat loss, inhibits ADH
3. ADR -hepatic failure, FAS,
4. Withdrawal TX: BZDs, Naltrexone or acomprosate.

1. Z hypnotic
2. Binds to BZD receptor, enhances GABA
3. Used for insomnia, long acting

1. Z hypnotic
2. Binds to BZD receptor increases action of GABA
3. Used for insomnia, restless leg, long acting
4. ADRs - drowsiness

1. Z hypnotic
2. Acts on BZD receptor, enhances GABA
3. Short acting, insomnia

1. inhibits alpha and gamma motor neurons
2. Tx-muscle spasms

1. Melatonin receptor agonist
2. Used to aid normal circadian rhythm

Chlorpromazine

Phenothiazine

1. Antipsychotic
2. Block dopamine(D2) receptors
3. Works on positive symptoms (delusions, hallucinations) Schizoprhenia
4. Prototype drug
5. No tolerance
6. ADR- Seizures, tachycardia, sexual dysfunction, weight gain, increased prolactin
7. EPS (D2) effects

1. Antipsychotic
2. Block dopamine(D2) receptors, more potent that chlorpromazine
3. Works on positive symptoms (delusions, hallucinations) Schizoprhenia
4. Prototype drug
5. No tolerance
6. ADR- Seizures, tachycardia, sexual dysfunction, weight gain, increased prolactin, less sedation
7. Increased EPS than others

1. Antipsychotic
2. Block dopamine(D2) receptors
3. Works on positive symptoms (delusions, hallucinations) Schizoprhenia
4. Prototype drug
5. No tolerance
6. ADR- Seizures, tachycardia, sexual dysfunction, weight gain, increased prolactin
7. EPS (D2) effects

1. 2nd generation antipsychotic
2. More effective than 1st generation for negative symptoms.
3. Far less EPS
4. ADR- weight gain, hyperglycemia
5. Decanoate is longer acting form,

1. 2nd generation antipsychotic
2. Less EPS
3. Better against negative symptoms
4. ADR- weight gain, hyperglycemia, SERIOUS-granulocytopenia, agranulocytosis.
5. This drug is not first line due to serious ADR

1. 2nd generation antipsychotic
2. Does Dopamine and Seratonin
3. Less EPS than 1st gen. more than clozapine and olanzapine
4. ADR- weight gain and hyperglycemia

1. 2nd generation antipsychotic
2. for schizo and mania
3. Less EPS than first generation
4. Like clozapine but no bone marrow toxicity

1. 2nd generation antipsychotic
2. D2 and Seratonin agonists
3. Does not cause EPS
4. Less weight gain and hyperglycemia

1. Tricyclic antidepressant 1st generation
2. Block reuptake of NE and 5HT\
3. ADR- Sedation, tachycardia,urinary retention, postural hypotension, mydriasis.
4. Poisoning- 3Cs convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity-use sodium bicarbonate
5. Seratonin syndrome if taken with MAOI

1. Tricyclic antidepressant, 1st generation
2. Block reuptake of NE and 5HT\
3. ADR- Sedation, tachycardia,urinary retention, postural hypotension, mydriasis.
4. Poisoning- 3Cs convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity-use sodium bicarbonate
5. Seratonin syndrome if taken with MAOI

1. 2nd generation antidepressant
2. SSRI
3. Fewer side effects-anxiety, tremor, sexual dysfunction
4. 4-5 weeks to reach steady state

Sertraline

Paroxetine

Citalopram

Escitalopram

1. SSRI's
2. 2nd generation antidepressant
3. SSRI
4. Fewer side effects-anxiety, tremor, sexual dysfunction
5. 4-5 weeks to reach steady state

1. Selectively blocks reuptake of Dopamine.
2. Some activating energy, seizures possible.
3. Used in nicotine, cocaine and amphetamine dependance, also in depression.

1. 2nd generation antidepressant
2. Inhibits seratonin reuptake and blocks 5ht2 receptors
3. ADR- priaprism, VERY sedating, use at bedtime.

1. 2nd gen. antidepressant
2. Inhibits synaptic reuptake of 5HT, NE and DA
3. Low CV side effects
4. Mild stimulant like Buproprion
5. ADHD in children

1. MAOI
2. Inhibits MAO-A and B
3. Antidepressant effect may take weeks
4. TX narcolepsy and bulemia
5. ADR- Hepatotoxic, orthostatic hypotension, HTN
6. Interaction with tyramine containing foods, cheese, wine etc

1. MAOI
2. Inhibits MAO-A and B, IRREVERSIBLE
3. Antidepressant effect may take weeks
4. TX narcolepsy and bulemia
5. ADR- Hepatotoxic, orthostatic hypotension, HTN,pheochromocytoma
6. Interaction with tyramine containing foods, cheese, wine etc

1. For Bi-polar, most effective for manic phase
2. Has low TI
3. ADRs-alter distribution of cations(K,Ca, Na)
4. Li intoxication- drunk appearance, ataxia, blurred vision, tinnitus etc
5. Many drug interactions
6. Caution in renal dysfunction

1. Anti-epileptics used in the treatment of mania.

1. SNRI
2. ADHD children and adults
3. ADR-decreased appetite and weight, increased BP, tachycardia, sexual dysfunction.

1. Treat Parkinson's, does not stop progression
2. Precursor crosses BBB, second drug prevents metabolism.
3. ADR- depression, gout, arrhythmias, choreiform movements
4. End dose phenomenon(end of dose blood levels low)
5. Inhibits antipsychotics

1. Treat Parkinsons
2. Dopamine receptor agonist
3. Best used with L-dopa
4. ADRs- N/V, headache, choreiform movements, hypotension, endocrine disturbances(prolactin)
5. Can treat ammenorrhea
6. Expensive

1. Treat Parkinsons
2. Also an antiviral agent
3. Stimulates release of DA
4. ADRs- mental disturbances, hyperexcitability, choreiform movements,convulsions
5. Kidney excretion

1. Treats Parkinsons
2. Selective inhibition of MAOB
3. ADRs-Dyskinesias, choreiform, hallucinations, low doses no tyramine rxn
4. Can be used with L-dopa

1. Treats Parkinsons
2. Targets D2 and D3 receptors agonism
3. Used more first line now
4. ADRs- Nausea, dyskinetic movements, confusion, sedation
5. P may have antioxidant activity, slow disease

1. Treats Parkinsons
2. Inhibits metabolism of DA and l-dopa by COMT
3. ADR's- hallucinations, nausea, HTN
4. Used with l-dopa

1. Anticholinergic
2. Used in mild Parkinsons
3. somewhat effective treating tremor but not rigidity.

1. Opioid agonist
2. prototype
3. For severe pain
4. ADRs- sedation, nausea, depression of respiration, miosis, lower seizure threshold, constipation, urinary retention, bronchoconstriction
5. OD- CNS depression(stupor/coma), respiratory depression

1. Opioid agonist
2. 1/12 potency of morphine
3. Can be used as antitussive
4. ADRs- sedation, nausea, depression of respiration, miosis, lower seizure threshold, constipation, urinary retention, bronchoconstriction

1. Opioid agonist
2. More potent than morphine
3. Used in other countries, high abuse

1. Opioid agonist
2. 10x more potent than morphine
3. ADRs- sedation, nausea, depression of respiration, miosis, lower seizure threshold, constipation, urinary retention, bronchoconstriction

1. Opioid agonst
2. For milder pain, slight antitussive
3. ADRs- sedation, nausea, depression of respiration, miosis, lower seizure threshold, constipation, urinary retention, bronchoconstriction

1. Opioid agonist
2. Synthetic, 1/10th potency of morphine
3. Short acting, used for moderate to severe pain
4. ADRs- sedation, nausea, depression of respiration, miosis, lower seizure threshold, constipation, urinary retention, bronchoconstriction

1. Opioid agonist
2. Used for treating opioid addiction or chronic severe pain
3. Long duration! less euphoria
4. ADRs- sedation, nausea, depression of respiration, miosis, lower seizure threshold, constipation, urinary retention, bronchoconstriction

1. Opioid agonist
2. Used for mild to moderate pain, usually with APAP
3. ADRs- sedation, nausea, depression of respiration, miosis, lower seizure threshold, constipation, urinary retention, bronchoconstriction

1. 100x more potent than morphine
2. Most potent
3. parenteral for anasthesia supplement
4. Can cause neuroleptic analgesia and anesthesia
5. ADRs- sedation, nausea, depression of respiration, miosis, lower seizure threshold, constipation, urinary retention, bronchoconstriction

1. Mixed agonist/antagonist opioid
2. Agonist effect at Kapp receptor
3. Not a strong analgesic, less than morphine
4. Less sedation and respiratory depression
5. Worse CNS and hallucinations

1. Mixed agonist/antagonist opioid
2. Partial agonist at mu and maybe k
3. Very low abuse potential
4. Treatment for heroin addiction
5. Office based treatment of opioid addiction

1. Mixed agonist/antagonist
2. Used for mild/moderate pain
3. Weak mu agonist. Also inhibits 5HT and NE reuptake
4. Mild side effects

1. Opioid antagonist
2. Used parenterally for opioid poisoning, reverses resp. depression.
3. Short acting 1-2hrs
4. Can precipitate withdrawal in abusers

1. Opioid antagonist
2. Effective orally, long lasting 24 hours
3. Used in immunizing addicts
4. ADR- Hepatotoxicity

1. Anticonvulsant
2. Tx: Generalized tonic-clonic and partial seizures
3. ADRs- Gingival hyperplasia, SJS
4. Lots of drug interactions, highly protein bound

1. Anticonvulsant
2. Used for tonic-clonic and partial seizures
3. ADRs- Acute-stupor,coma,convulsions, hyperirritable, Chronic- Drowsiness, vertigo, ataxia
4. increases drug metabolism

1. Anticonvulsant
2. Enhances GABA
3. Long acting
4. Used for tonic-clonic partial seizures
5. ADRs- megoblastic anemia, osteomalacia

1. Anticonvulsant
2. Inhibits Ca channels
3. Treats all types
4. ADRs- CNS sedation, ataxia, tremor
5. Highly protein bound

1. Anticonvulsant
2. Inhibits Ca channels
3. Used for absence seizures
4. ADRs- drowsiness, lethargy, euphoria, SJS

1. Used as an adjunct in epilepsy
2. ADRs- fatigue, ataxia
3. No metabolism, excreted in urine

1. anticonvulsant
2. Use- tonic-clonic and LGS
3. Prolongs Na channels
4. ADRs-dizziness, ataxia, blurred vision, nausea

1. Antitussive

1. Antiemetic
2. Dopamine antagonist
3. ADRs-Parkinsonism, anticholinergic(sedation, lethargy) psychomotor slowing

1. Antiemetic
2. Dopamine antagonist
3. ADRs-Parkinsonism, anticholinergic(sedation, lethargy) psychomotor slowing

1. Antiemetic
2. Anticholinergic
3. Acts on vestibular system
4. Tx vertigo and motion sickness
5. ADRs- anticholinergic, dry mouth, constipation, urine retention, sedation

1. Antiemetic
2. antihistamine
3. Treat motion sickness and vertigo
4. ADRs- anticholinergic

1. Antiemetic
2. 5HT3 antagonist works on CRTZ
3. Prevents vomiting in chemotherapy and post op nausea
4. ADRs- HA and constipation

1. Antiemetic
2. cannabinoid
3. nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy when other drugs not effective

1. Tx ADHD, narcolepsy
2. enhanced release of DA and NE, and inhibition of reuptake
3. Increased level of arousal and wakefulness,euphoria
4. Excreted in acidic urine

1. CNS stimulation
2. ADRs-increases HR and BP,arrhythmias, stroke, birth defects
3. Chronic use results in decrease in DA production.