Term
| Thizade and like diuretics |
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Definition
Prototype: Hydrochorothiazide
MOA: blocks choride pump (in kidneys) effects sodium retention; excreteing NaCl, decreasing H2O
Adverse: alters glucose levels, loss of potassium
Interactions: Digoxin (toxicity) |
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Term
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Definition
Prototype: furosemide (Lasix)
MOA: blocks cholride pump in ascending loop of Henle thus decreasing reabsorption of Cl and Na; production of increased urine volume; possible to lose 20 lbs. of water/day; changes osomolality of circulating fluid, so fluid moves out of lung into capillaries then taken to kidneys where water is removed |
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Term
| What does furosemide usually treat? |
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Definition
| patients with congestive heart failure, cardiovascular disease, acute MI or acute pulmonary edema |
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Term
| Adverse effects of furosemide? |
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Definition
| fluid and electrolyte imbalance, ESP POTASSIUM, bicarbonate and Ca also lost, hyperglycemia, ototoxicity (reversibile) |
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Term
| Nursing Care for patients on loop diuretics |
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Definition
| Should be on K supplement, monitor weight change, check for edema (sacral, around eyes) check lung sounds for crackles |
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Term
| interactions/contra for loop diuretics |
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Definition
| do not give to pregnant women; interactions: hepatomegaly, K imbalance, increases actions of anticoagulants. |
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Term
| Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors |
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Definition
Prototype: acetazolamide
MOA: block effects of carbonic anhydrase (increases formation of sodium bicarbonate and excretion of hydrogen) results in more sodium and bicarbonate lost in urine = decreased interocular pressure; considered mild diuretic |
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Term
| adverse effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and interactions |
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Definition
metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, paresthesias, confusion, drowsiness
interactions: salicylates and lithium excreted at high rates |
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