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Pharmacology Ch 48
Pharmacology Ch 48
23
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 2
04/04/2016

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Term
Peptic ulcer
Definition
A broad term for an ulcer occurring in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum within the upper GI tract.
Term
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Definition
Acid released from the parietal cells of the stomach that is influenced by histamine, gastrin, and acetylcholine.
Term
Pepsin
Definition
One of the main digestive enzymes produced in the stomach that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.
Term
Gastric mucosal barrier (GMB)
Definition
A thick, viscous, mucous material that provides a barrier between the mucosal lining and acidic gastric secretions.
Term
Esophageal ulcer
Definition
An ulcer that results from reflux of acidic gastric secretions into the esophagus as a result of a defective or incompetent cardiac sphincter.
Term
Gastric ulcer
Definition
An ulcer that frequently occurs because of a breakdown of the GMB.
Term
Duodenal ulcer
Definition
An ulcer caused by hypersecretion of acid from the stomach passing into the duodenum because of insufficient buffers to neutralize gastric acid in the stomach, a defective or incompetent pyloric sphincter, or hypermotility of the stomach.
Term
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Definition
An inflammation or erosion of the esophageal mucosa caused by a reflux of gastric acid content from the stomach into the esophagus.
Term
Stress ulcer
Definition
An ulcer that usually follows a critical situation such as extensive trauma or major surgery.
Term
Antacids
Definition
Promote ulcer healing by neutralizing hydrochloric acid and reducing pepsin activity; they do no coat the ulcer.
Term
Histamine 2 receptor blockers (antagonists)
Definition
Popular drugs used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers.
Term
Site of involvement
Definition
Ulcers are usually named according to the what?
Term
Duodenal ulcers
Definition
What is the most common type of peptic ulcer?
Term
Hydrochloric acid and pepsin
Definition
Peptic ulcers occur when there is a hypersecretion of what? (two things)
Term
2 to 5
Definition
Under normal conditions, the pH of the stomach varies from _____.
Term
Pepsin
Definition
What is activated in the stomach at a pH of 2?
Term
4 to 8 weeks
Definition
How long does it take for an ulcer to heal?
Term
Helicobacter pylori
Definition
What Gram-negative bacillus is linked to the development of peptic ulcers?
Term
Antibiotics
Definition
H. Pylori is treated with _____.
Term
MOC (metronidazole, omeprazole, and clarithromycin)
Definition
What triple therapy is commonly used to treat peptic ulcers caused by H. pylori?
Term
Incompetent lower esophageal sphincter
Definition
What is the main cause of GERD?
Term
Tranquilizers
Definition
Antiulcer drug that has minimal effect in preventing and treating ulcers.
Term
ATPase
Definition
PPIs suppress gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the hydrogen/potassium _____ enzyme.
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