Term
Adrenergics (Sympathomimetics) |
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Definition
| Drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system which use epinephrine-like substances as neurotransmitters. |
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Definition
| Drugs that exert an action opposite to that of another drug or compete for the same receptor sites. |
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Anticholinergics (parasympatholytics) |
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Definition
| Drugs that block the action of acetylcholine and similar substances at acetylcholine receptors, which results in inhibition of the transmission of parasympathetic nerve impulses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances that, upon entering to the body, are capable of inducing specific immune responses and in turn reacting with the specific products of such responses, such as certain antibodies and specifically sensitized T lymphocytes. Antigens can be soluble (e.g., a foreign protein) or particulate or insoluble (e.g., a bacterial cell). |
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Definition
| Substances capable of reducing the physiologic and pharmacologic effects of histamine, including a wide variety of drugs that block histamine receptors. |
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Definition
| A drug that reduces coughing, often by inhibiting neutral activity in the cough center of the central nervous system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any of the hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, wither in natural or synthetic drug form. They influence or control many key processes in the body, such as carbohydrate and protein metabolism, the maintenance of serum glucose levels, electrolyte and water balance, and the functions of the cardiovascular system, skeletal muscle, kidneys, and other organs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs that reduce congestion or swelling, especially of the upper or lower respiratory tract. |
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Definition
| A method of treating disease based on observations and experience without a knowledge of the precise cause of or mechanism responsible for the disorder or the way in which the therapeutic drug or procedure produces improvement or cure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs that increase the flow of fluid in the respiratory tract, usually by reducing the viscosity of bronchial and tracheal secretions, and facilitate their removal by coughing and ciliary action. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs that compete with histamine for binding sites on histamine receptors. |
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Definition
| A highly contagious infection of the respiratory tract caused by a myxovirus and transmitted by airborne droplets. |
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Term
Nonsedating antihistamines |
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Definition
| Newer medications that work peripherally to block the actions of histamine and therefore do not have the cetral nervous system effects of many of the older antihistamines; also called the second-generation antihistamines and peripherally acting antihistamines. |
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Definition
| An irritation of the respiratory tract ocurring in response to an irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. |
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Definition
| Any of about 100 serologically distinct ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses that cause about 40% of acute respiratory illnesses. |
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Term
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Definition
| A class of drugs whose effects mimic those resulting from the stimulation of organs and structures by the sympathetic nervous system. they do this by occupying adrenergic receptor sites and acting as agonists or by increasing the release of norepinephrine at postganglionic nerve endings. |
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Term
Upper respiratory tract infection (URI) |
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Definition
| Any infectious disease of the respiratory tract, including the common cold, laryngitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, and tonsilitis. |
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