Term
| where is histamine stored? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pharmacologic effects of antihistimine |
|
Definition
decrease in edema of tissues
limit vasodilation of blood vessels
limit bronchoconstriction of respiratory
suppress itching and pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
allergic reaction
nausea and vomiting
peroperative sedatives
otc sleep aids
local anesthesia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
diphenhydramine (benadryl)
fexofenadine (allegra)
loratidine (claritin)
cetirzine (zyrtec) |
|
|
Term
| 2 types of adrenocoroticosteroids made in the body |
|
Definition
glucocorticoids - affect carb metabolism
mineralocorticoids-affect water and electrolye composition
each makes about 20mg /day |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| take 20 mg or more for two weeks within 2 yrs additional steroid is needed. |
|
|
Term
| dental use of adrenocorticosteroids |
|
Definition
oral lesions
apthous stomatitis
tmj
pulp capping |
|
|
Term
| adverse reaction of adrenocorticosteroids |
|
Definition
metabolic change
moon face, buffalo hump, weight gain
CNS depression
impaired healing of gastric ulcers
impaired wound healing
osteoporosis (infrabony pockets) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secreted by endocrine glands and transported by blood to target organs |
|
|
Term
| anterior pituitary what 3 types of hormone |
|
Definition
lutenizing hormone- follicle stimulating (menstruation)
thyroid stimulating hormone
addrenocorticotropic hormone |
|
|
Term
| posterior pituitary what 2 hormones |
|
Definition
oxytocin-induces labor
ADH-assists in water balance with diabetes insipidis (with brain tumor also) |
|
|
Term
| two types of thyroid hormone |
|
Definition
t-3 triodothyronine- bone tissue
t-4- thyroxine- tissue growth |
|
|
Term
| hypothyroidism names for adult and child |
|
Definition
cretinism-child
myexedema-adult |
|
|
Term
| clinical signs of hypothyroidism |
|
Definition
dry skin
bradycardia
hypotension
intolerance to cold
round puffy face |
|
|
Term
| hypothyroidism and tooth eruption |
|
Definition
| delayed tooth eruption with hypothyroidism |
|
|
Term
| medication for hypothyroidism |
|
Definition
| levothyroxine and synthroid |
|
|
Term
| hyperthyroidism and tooth eruption |
|
Definition
early tooth eruption and poorly shaped carious teeth with hyperthyroidism
also enflammed gingiva |
|
|
Term
| hyperthyroidism is also known as |
|
Definition
graves disease
(caused by thyroid, pituitary, hypothalmic malignencies) |
|
|
Term
| clinical signs of hyperthyroidism |
|
Definition
heat production
increased cell metabolism
tachycardia
muscle weakness
anxiety
weight loss
bulging eyes |
|
|
Term
| how to treat hyperthyroidism |
|
Definition
antithyroid drugs/surgery (if surgury, synthroid for life!!!)
methimazole (tapazole)
potassium iodide and iodine (lugals solution) |
|
|
Term
| what happens when antithyroid (tapazole) drugs are taken when pregnant and cross the placental barrier? |
|
Definition
| inhibit fetal thyroid causing cretinism (retardation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
PTH is parathyroid
it mobilizes calcium ions into the blood (takes calcium from bones if heart needs it).
also increases absorption of calcium from small intestines. |
|
|
Term
| what is hyperparathyroidism? |
|
Definition
| accidental removal of parathyroid gland |
|
|
Term
| what are symptoms of parathyroid? |
|
Definition
hyperexcitibility of neuromuscular system
spastic muscle contractions
convulsions
parasthesia |
|
|
Term
| how to treat hypoparathyroidsism |
|
Definition
calcium salts and vitamin D cholecalciferol
diuretics that increase clearance of calcium, bisphosphonates, and calcitonin |
|
|
Term
| parathyroid hypercalcemia |
|
Definition
from tumors
renal disfunction |
|
|
Term
| what are islets of langerhan? |
|
Definition
| cells that make insulin in pancreas (associated with diabetes) |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of antidiabetic agents? |
|
Definition
lowers blood glucose levels
example is metformin (a combination drug $$$$ expensive)
also sulfonylureas (aspirin interacts with this affecting brittle diabetes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
decrease blood glucose but not hypoglycemia (acts on liver to reduce stimulation of glycogenesis)
also aids in insulin uptake |
|
|
Term
| new inhaled form of insulin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fast acting- regular
isophane (NPH)- intermediate acting
ultralente (humulin U)-long acting |
|
|
Term
| what is the role of glucagon? |
|
Definition
used to treat hypoglycemia
breaks down glycogen to glucose with helps low blood sugar. (raises it) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
male hormones
testosterone
andosterone |
|
|
Term
| PDE's are phosphodiesterase (for impotence, or Erectile dysfunction) caution with what drugs? |
|
Definition
| PDE's should not be taken if on heart medication |
|
|
Term
| what are some drugs that affect sex hormones? |
|
Definition
clomid: infertility
tamoxifen: breast cancer |
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