Term
| pathophysiology of arrhythmias |
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Definition
• Abnormal automaticity
• Reentry
• Channelopathy
• Triggered activity |
|
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Term
| class 1a antiarrhythmic drugs MOA and ex's |
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Definition
Class IA—slows conduction velocity (less than class IC) and prolongs action potential duration
Disopyramide
Procainamide*
Quinidine |
|
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Term
| class 1b antiarrhythmic drugs MOA and ex's |
|
Definition
Class IB—has no effect on conduction velocity and may shorten APD
Lidocaine*
Mexiletine
Phenytoin |
|
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Term
| class 1c antiarrhythmic drugs MOA and esx's |
|
Definition
Class IC—slows conduction and may prolong APD (mild)
Flecainide
Propafenone |
|
|
Term
| class II antiarrhythmic drugs MOA and ex's |
|
Definition
Class II—blocks beta adrenergic receptors
Beta blockers |
|
|
Term
| class III antiarrhythmic drugs MOA and ex's |
|
Definition
Class III—prolongs APD and has no effect on conduction
Amiodarone
Dofetilide
Ibutilide*
Sotalol¶
Dronedarone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ¶ l-sotalol has beta blocking and class III activities; d-sotalol is a pure class III agent. Commercially available sotalol is a racemic (equal part) mixture. |
|
|
Term
| class IV antiarrhythmic drugs MOA and ex's |
|
Definition
Class IV—calcium channel blockers
Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (verapamil and dilitiazem) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antiarrythmic drugs definition |
|
Definition
| Poisons with occasionally desirable side-effects |
|
|
Term
| toxic ecg findings, 2 types of proarrythmias |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when to use rate vs rhythm control situations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| af rate control recommendations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| af rate control drugs classes and agents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| af rhythm control agents, interactions, advantages, adverse effects |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vt/vf pharmacology best treatment and goals |
|
Definition
• No RCT evidence in VT/VF of ↑ survival for 1° or 2° prevention
• Except beta blockers (metoprolol succinate, carvedilol)
Goal
• Control arrhythmias • Improve symptoms |
|
|
Term
| cardiac arrest treatment algorithm picture/diagram cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| post cardiac arrest care talbe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VF treatments table agents, receptors, physiologic effects, ADE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
has ADE
Cardiac: Hypotension,
bradycardia, AVB, TdP, slows VT below programmed ICD detection rate, increases defibrillation threshold
Other: Corneal microdeposits, thyroid abnormalities, ataxia, nausea, emesis, constipation, photosensitivity, skin discoloration, ataxia, dizziness, peripheral neuropathy, tremor, hepatitis, cirrhosis, pulmonary fibrosis or pneumonitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Has ADE
Cardiac : Bradycardia, hemodynamic collapse, AVB, sinus arrest Other: Delirium, psychosis, seizure, nausea, tinnitus, dyspnea, bronchospasm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Has ADE
Cardiac: HF, AVB
Other: Lightheaded, tremor, ataxia, paresthesias, nausea, blood dyscrasias |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
has ADE
Cardiac: Syncope, TdP,
AVB
Other: Dizziness,
diarrhea, nausea, esophagitis, emesis,
tinnitus, blurred vision,
rash, weakness, tremor; blood dyscrasias |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
has ADE
Cardiac: Bradycardia, hypotension, HF, syncope, TdP
Other: Fatigue, dizziness, weakness, dyspnea, bronchitis, depression, nausea, diarrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Amidarone, Lidocaine, Mexiletine, Quinidine, Solatol |
|
|
Term
uses: VT, VF, PVC,
targets: INa, ICa, IKr, IK1, IKs, Ito,Beta receptor, Alpha receptor nuclear T3 receptor
effects: Sinus rate slowed
QRS prolonged
QTc prolonged
AV nodal refractoriness increased; increased DFT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
uses: VT, VF
target: INa
effect: No marked effect on most intervals: QTc can slightly shorten |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
uses: VT, VF, PVC,
has a role in patients with LQT3
target: INa
effects: No marked effect
on most intervals;
QTc can slightly shorten |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
uses: T, VF, (including short QT syndrome, Brugada)
targets: INa, Ito, IKr, M, Alpha receptor
effects: QRS prolonged QTc prolonged; increased DFT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
uses: VT, VF, PVC
targets: IKr, Beta 1 and 2 receptor
effects: Sinus rate slowed
QTc prolonged
AV nodal refractoriness increased;
decreased DFT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sustained VT treatment algorithm and agents for each class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Procainamide, Beta blockers, CCB |
|
|
Term
use: VT
targets: INa, IKr
electrophysical effects: QRS prolonged QTc prolonged; increased DFT
ADE: Cardiac: TdP; AVB, hypotension and exacerbation of HFrEF Other: Lupus symptoms, diarrhea, nausea, blood dyscrasias |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| beta blocker electrophysical effects |
|
Definition
Sinus rate slowed
AV nodal refractoriness increased |
|
|
Term
| beta blockers for VT that target beta1 only |
|
Definition
| acebutolol, atenolol, bisprolol, esmolol, metoprolol |
|
|
Term
| beta blockers for VT taht target beta 1 and 2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| beta blockers for VT that target beta1,2 and alpha |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ADE: bradycardia, hypotension, HF, fatigue, dizziness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ADE: hypotension, edema, HF, AVB, bradycardia, headache, rash |
|
Definition
| Calcium channel blockers (Dilitazem, Verapamil) |
|
|
Term
uses: VT (specifically RVOT, verapamil sensitive idiopathic LVT)
target: ICa-L
effects: Sinus rate slowed
PR prolonged
AV nodal conduction slowed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
uses: VT specifically RVOT,
idiopathic LVT
target: ICa-L
effects: Sinus rate slowed
PR prolonged
AV nodal conduction slowed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IHD(ischemic heart disease)/NICM (non-ischemic cardiomyopathy) treatment algorithm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| secondary treatment for pts w IHD treatment algorithm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| causes for QT prolongation and remedy |
|
Definition
digoxin: digoxin ab's
medication induced torsades de pointes: iv magnesium sulfate, inc HR w atrial/ventricular pacing or isopreterenol, potassium repletion
sodium-channel blocker toxicity: discontinue medicine or reprogram device
-avoid QT prolongation medications in pts w congenital or acquired long QT syndrome |
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