Term
| Inhibits Dihydrofolate reductase |
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Definition
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Term
| Inhibits Thymidylate Synthase |
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Definition
5-Fluorouracil
This is a pyridimine analog that is bioactivated to 5F-dUMP which complexes covalently to folic acid |
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Term
| Blocks de novo purine synthesis of PRPP |
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Definition
6-Mercaptopurine
Used for leukemias, lymphomas
Metabolized by Xanthine Oxidase (use of allopurinol will increase toxicity) |
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Term
| Pyrimidine antagonist. Inhibition of DNA polymerase |
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Definition
Cytarabine
AML, ALL, high grade non-Hodkin lymphomas |
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Term
| Intercalates DNA (won't allow it to unwind for transcription) |
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Definition
Dactinomycin
Used in children's tumors (kids ACT out)
Wilm's tumor
Ewing sarcoma
rhabdomyosarcoma |
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Term
| Generates free radicals. Noncovalently intercalates in DNA causing breaks in DNA |
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Definition
Doxorubicin/Daunorubicin
Cardiotoxicity (heart muscles have no antioxidant activity). Avoid in MI/CHF patients |
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Term
| G2-Phase specific. Induces free radical damage and breaks DNA |
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Definition
Bleomycin
Toxicity causes pulmonary fibrosis |
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Term
| Inhibits topoisomerase II. Causes increased DNA degredation |
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Definition
Etoposide
Used in testicular carcinoma, small cell CA of lung and prostate |
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Term
| Covalently X-link DNA at guanin N7. Causes hemorrhagic cystitis |
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Definition
Cyclophosphamide
Prevent hemorrhagic cystitis with Mesna |
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Term
| Bioactivated to cross blood brain barrier and cause CNS toxicity to tumor cells |
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Definition
Nitrosoureas:
carmustine
lomustine
semustine
(Put Nitro in your Mustang) |
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Term
| Alkylates DNA. Causes Pulmonary fibrosis |
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Definition
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Term
| Alkaloids that bind to tubulin. Microtubules for mitotic spindle do not form |
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Definition
Vincristine
Vinblastine
Use: Hodgkin lymphoma, Wilms tumor, choriocarcinoma
Toxicity: bone marrow suppression (vinBLASTine BLASTS Bone) |
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Term
| Hyperstabilize polymerized microtubules in M phase. Mitotic spindle cannot break down (anaphase cannot occur) |
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Definition
Paclitaxel
other taxols
Use: ovarian and breast carcinomas |
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Term
| Used for Testicular, bladd, ovary and lung carcinomas. Causes nephrotoxicity and acoustic nerve damage |
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Definition
Cisplatin, carboplatin
Testicular cancers (Eradicate Ball Cancer) |
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Term
| Inhibits ribonucleotide synthesis (dec pyridimines --> dec DNA synthesis) |
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Definition
Hydroxyurea
Use: melanoma, CML, SICKLE cell |
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Term
| May trigger apopotosis. Causes cushing-like symptoms |
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Definition
Prednisone
Other important side effects: cataracts, psychosis, acne, osteoporosis, peptic ulcers, hyperglycemia |
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Term
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
One type causes endometrial carcinoma
The other type doesn't because its an endometrial antagonist |
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Definition
Tamoxifen
Raloxifene (endometrial antagonist)
Used for Breast cancer
Toxicity: Tamoxifen may inc endometrial carcinoma. Raloxifene does no cause endometrial CA
Hot flashes |
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Term
| Monoclonal antibody against HER-2 (erb-B2) |
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Definition
Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
Kill breast cancer cells that overexpress HER-2 |
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Term
Philadelphia chromosome bcr-abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor
for CML |
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Definition
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