Term
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Definition
| A type of immunization that causes development of a complete and long-lasting immunity to a certain infection through exposure of the body to the associated disease antigen; it can be natural active immunization (i.e., having the disease) or artificial active immunization (i.e., receiving a vaccine or toxoid) |
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Term
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Definition
| Toxoids or vaccines that are administered to a host (human or animal) to stimulate host production of antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| immunoglobulin molecules that have an antigen-specific amino acid sequence and are synthesized by the humoral immune system (B cells) in response to exposure to a specific antigen (foreign substance). Their purpose is to attack and destroy molecules of this antigen. |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of an antibody needed to react with and neutralize a given volume or amount of a specific antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| substances, usually proteins and foreign to a host (human or animal), that that stimulate the host to produce antibodies and that react specifically with those antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| a serum that contains antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| an antiserum against a toxin (or toxoid) |
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Term
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Definition
| an antiserum against a venom (poison produced by an animal) used to treat humans or other animals that have been envenomed |
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Term
| Biological Antimicrobial Drugs |
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Definition
| substances of biological origin used to prevent, treat , or cure infectious diseases |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of infectious biological or chemical agents as weapons for human destruction |
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Term
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Definition
| A repeat dose of an antigen, such as a vaccine or toxoid, which is usually administered in an amount smaller than that used in teh original immunization |
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Term
| Cell-mediated Immune System |
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Definition
| the immune response that is mediated by T cells (as opposed to B cells, which produce antibodies) |
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Term
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Definition
| resistance to a disease on the part of an entire community or population because a large proportion of its membersare immune to the disease |
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Term
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Definition
| a cascade of biochemical events that occurs in response to entry into the body of an antigen (foreign substance) |
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Term
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Definition
| the induction of immunity by administration of a vaccine or toxoid (active immunization) or antiserum (passive immunization) |
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Term
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Definition
| toxoids, vaccines, or immunoglobulins that are targeted against specific infectious microorganisms or toxins |
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Term
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Definition
| glycoproteins synthesized and used by the humoral immune system (B cells) to attack and kill all substances foreign to the body |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of immunization in which immunity to infection is conferred by bypassing the host's immune system and injecting a person with antiserum or concentrated antibodies obtained from other humans or animals that directly give the host the means to fight off an invading microorganism |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs containg antibodies or antitoxins that can kill or inactivate pathogens by binding to the associated antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| relating to or containing a combination of genetic material from two or more organisms |
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Term
| Reticuloendothelial System |
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Definition
| specialized cells located in the liver, spleen, lymphatics, and bone marrow that remove miscellaneous particles from the circulation, such as aging antibody molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| any poison produced by a plant, animal, or microorganism that is highly toxic to other living organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| bacterial exotoxins that are modified or inactivated (by chemicals or heat) so that they are no longer toxic but can still bind to host B cells to stimulate the formation of antitoxin |
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Term
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Definition
| Suspensions of live, attenuated, or killed microorganisms that can promote an artificially induced active immunity against a particular microorganism |
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Term
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Definition
| a poison that is secreted by an animal or insect |
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